Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Cognitive Function: Findings From the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk

Grasset, Leslie; Smit, Roelof A.J.; Caunca, Michelle R.; Elfassy, Tali; Odden, Michelle C.; Buchem, Mark A. van; Stott, David J.; Sattar, Naveed; Trompet, Stella; Jukema, J. Wouter; Hazzouri, Adina Zeki Al

doi:10.1177/0898264320916959

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous studies clarify the associations of higher visit-tovisit cholesterol with cognitive decline (Smit et al, 2016;Grasset et al, 2020;Hua et al, 2020). In these studies, CV, VIM, and SD reflect the degree of intraindividual dispersion of cholesterol, including downward and upward fluctuations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long-Term Increase in Cholesterol Is Associated With Better Cognitive Function: Evidence From a Longitudinal Study

Liu

Zou

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Higher visit-to-visit cholesterol has been associated with cognitive decline. However, the association between long-term increase or decrease in cholesterol and cognitive decline remains unclear.Methods: A total of 4,915 participants aged ≥45 years with normal cognition in baseline were included. The participants were divided into four groups, namely low–low, low–high, high–low, and high–high, according to the diagnostic thresholds of total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) after 4 years of follow-up. Cognitive function was assessed by episodic memory and mental intactness. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the association of cholesterol variation with cognitive decline.Results: Among the participants, 979 (19.9%) experienced global cognitive decline. The odds ratio (OR) of global cognitive and memory function decline were remarkably lower in participants in the low–high NHDL-C group than those in the low–low group [OR and 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50 [0.26–0.95] for global cognitive decline, 0.45 [0.25–0.82] for memory function decline]. The lower OR was also significant in females (OR [95% CI]: 0.38 [0.17–0.87] for global cognitive decline; 0.44 [0.19–0.97] for memory function decline) and participants without cardiovascular disease (OR [95% CI]: 0.31 [0.11–0.87] for global cognitive decline; 0.34 [0.14–0.83] for memory function decline). The increases in other cholesterol were also negatively associated with the risk of cognitive decline although not significantly.Conclusions: A longitudinal increase in NHDL-C may be protective for cognition in females or individuals without cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long-Term Increase in Cholesterol Is Associated With Better Cognitive Function: Evidence From a Longitudinal Study

Liu

Zou

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…Previous studies have been clari ed associations of higher visit-to-visit TC, NHDL-C and LDL-C with cognitive decline [10,12,20]. In these studies, CV, VIM and SD re ected the degree of dispersion of cholesterol including downward and upward uctuations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-specific association between unidirectional variation of cholesterol and cognitive decline: a longitudinal study of middle-aged and elderly adults

Liu

Zhou

Zheng

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Higher fluctuation of cholesterol has been shown associated with cognitive decline. But the association between unidirectional variation of cholesterol and cognition remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the association between variation of cholesterol from normal to high level or from high to normal level and cognition. Methods A total of 4,915 participants (mean age, 57.7 years; 49.2% female) with normal cognition in baseline (2011) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were divided into two clusters according to cutoff in 2011 and 2015, respectively. Participants were divided into four groups: normal-normal, normal-high, high-normal and high-high. Cognitive functions were assessed by episodic memory and mental intactness. The binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association of cholesterol variation with cognitive decline. Results Participants with increased cholesterol were more likely had lower incidence of cognitive decline. The fluctuations of cholesterol were more likely occurred in females. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of global cognitive decline in normal-high compared with normal-normal group of TC was 0.61 (0.36–1.03), and significant only in females [OR and 95% CI: 0.50 (0.26–0.97)]; the risk of memory function decline in high-normal group compared with high-high group was increased both in males [OR and 95% CI: 1.98 (1.02–4.05)] and females [OR and 95% CI: 1.61 (1.01–2.74)]. The similarly results were shown in NHDL-C groups [OR and 95% CI of global cognitive decline in normal-high group: 0.50 (0.26–0.95) for overall; 0.38 (0.17–0.85) for females]; but the risk of memory function decline in high-normal group only increased in females [OR and 95% CI: 1.64 (1.02–2.25)]. The risk of mental intactness decline in males significantly decreased in high-normal group of LDL-C compared with high-high group [OR and 95% CI: 0.30 (0.13–0.67)] and increased in high-high compared with normal-normal group [OR and 95% CI: 2.27 (1.18–2.98)]. Conclusions Longitudinal decreasing of TC or NHDL-C is detrimental to cognitive function, especially in females. But LDL-C is still a risk factor of cognitive decline in males.

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“…These contaminants are toxic to human body and may lead to DNA damage and death of brain cells, resulting in neurobehavioral impairment and cognitive dysfunction [8]. Additionally, exposure to polluted drinking water has been found to be associated with a higher risk of having dysfunctional cholesterol status and developing dyslipidemia, which is associated with brain aging and perhaps cognitive dysfunction [11,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is even less information on the relationship between drinking water quality and cognitive function for older adults in China and the population-based evidence is still unavailable. Although elevated LDL has been shown to be associated with cognitive decline [33,34], the relationship between dyslipidemia and cognitive function has been less explored and results have been inconsistent [5,14]. Some studies reported no association or an inverse association between TC and cognitive function in adults aged 65 and above [35,36], whereas others showed a positive association in midlife with a longer follow-up observational period [5,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations among drinking water quality, dyslipidemia, and cognitive function for older adults in China: evidence from CHARLS

Luo

Zhao

et al. 2022

BMC Geriatr

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Background The current study aimed to examine the association between drinking water quality and cognitive function and to identify the direct and indirect effects of drinking water quality and dyslipidemia on cognitive function among older adults in China. Methods Primary data for the study were selected from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2015) and 4,951 respondents aged 60 and above were included. Data on drinking water quality were selected from the 2015 prefectural water quality data from the Institute of Public and Environment Affairs in China and measured by the Blue City Water Quality Index. Dyslipidemia was measured by self-reported dyslipidemia diagnosis and lipid panel. Three composite measures of cognitive function included mental status, episodic memory, and global cognition. Mixed effects models were conducted to assess the associations between drinking water quality or dyslipidemia and cognitive function. The mediation effects of dyslipidemia were examined by path analyses. Results Exposure to high quality drinking water was significantly associated with higher scores in mental status, episodic memory, and global cognition (β = 0.34, p < 0.001 for mental status; β = 0.24, p < 0.05 for episodic memory; β = 0.58, p < 0.01 for global cognition). Respondents who reported dyslipidemia diagnosis had higher scores in the three composite measures of cognitive function (β = 0.39, p < 0.001 for mental status; β = 0.27 p < 0.05 for episodic memory; β = 0.66, p < 0.001 for global cognition). An elevated blood triglycerides was only associated with higher scores in mental status (β = 0.21, p < 0.05). Self-reported dyslipidemia diagnosis was a suppressor, which increased the magnitude of the direct effect of drinking water quality on mental status, episodic memory, and global cognition. Conclusion Drinking water quality was associated with cognitive function in older Chinese and the relationship was independent of natural or socioeconomic variations in neighborhood environments. Improving drinking water quality could be a potential public health effort to delay the onset of cognitive impairment and prevent the dementia pandemic in older people.

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Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Cognitive Function: Findings From the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Long-Term Increase in Cholesterol Is Associated With Better Cognitive Function: Evidence From a Longitudinal Study

Long-Term Increase in Cholesterol Is Associated With Better Cognitive Function: Evidence From a Longitudinal Study

Gender-specific association between unidirectional variation of cholesterol and cognitive decline: a longitudinal study of middle-aged and elderly adults

Associations among drinking water quality, dyslipidemia, and cognitive function for older adults in China: evidence from CHARLS

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