Association of Hepatic Hemangiomatosis With Giant Cavernous Hemangioma in the Adult Population: Prevalence, Imaging Appearance, and Relevance

Abstract

Hemangiomatosis is not rare in the liver parenchyma adjacent to a GCH. The presence and extent of hemangiomatosis must be specifically communicated to referring physicians. Surgical candidates have to be carefully selected to avoid complications, such as excessive blood loss and diminished risk of postoperative liver decompensation from apparent overestimation of functional residual volume due to oversight of involved liver areas by hemangiomatosis.

Giant cavernous hemangioma coexistent with diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis presenting as portal vein thrombosis and hepatic lobar atrophy

“…Our case showed multiple small discrete and coalescent nodules with a uniformly filledin enhancement pattern in both hemilivers without a definitive separation from the giant hemangioma. They also described US findings of hemangiomatosis as heterogeneous echo patterns with multiple discrete or small coalescent hypoechoic nodules on a hyperechoic background [3]. In our patient, the US findings were somewhat different from those of previous reports and showed mainly hyperechoic nodules with confluent to hyperechoic giant hepatic hemangioma, containing a markedly hypoechoic central area.…”

“…In our patient, the US findings were somewhat different from those of previous reports and showed mainly hyperechoic nodules with confluent to hyperechoic giant hepatic hemangioma, containing a markedly hypoechoic central area. Hepatic artery dilatation can be seen in patients with diffuse hepatic hemangioma and giant hepatic hemangioma [3]. Our case also showed diffuse dilatation of the common hepatic artery and its branches.…”

“…Isolated diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis without extrahepatic lesions is extremely rare in adults [2]. Jhaveri et al [3] argued for a significant association between giant hepatic hemangioma and hepatic hemangiomatosis. They found a hemangiomatosis pattern adjacent to the giant hemangioma in 18 of 41 patients (44%) with giant cavernous hemangiomas (>8 cm in diameter).…”

“…Isolated diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis without extrahepatic lesions is extremely rare in adults [2]. Furthermore, giant hepatic hemangioma coexistent with diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis is even more uncommon, although an association exists between hemangiomatosis and giant hepatic hemangiomas [3]. Here, we describe a pathologically proven giant hepatic hemangioma coexistent with diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis that presented as intrahepatic portal vein obstruction with subsequent hepatic segmental atrophy and extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis.…”

Diffuse Hepatic Hemangiomatosis in the Adult without Extra-hepatic Involvement: An Extremely Rare Occurrence

“…[49] There is an association with giant cavernous hemangiomas. [10] Two patterns of DHH are described, the diffuse (non-nodular) and the nodular pattern, the former being the predominant pattern, representing approximately two-thirds of the cases.…”