Association of Heavy Drinking With Deviant Fiber Tract Development in Frontal Brain Systems in Adolescents

Zhao, Qingyu; Sullivan, Edith V.; Honnorat, Nicolas; Adeli, Ehsan; Podhajsky, Simon; Bellis, Michael D. De; Voyvodic, James T.; Nooner, Kate B.; Baker, Fiona C.; Colrain, Ian M.; Tapert, Susan F.; Brown, Sandra A.; Thompson, Wesley K.; Nagel, Bonnie J.; Clark, Duncan B.; Pfefferbaum, Adolf; Pohl, Kilian M.

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4064

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Existing studies support that there is an association between alcohol‐drinking patterns and different structural and functional impairments to the brain, especially in young adults who drink alcohol (Kim et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2018; Mashhoon et al., 2014; Tu et al., 2018; Zhao et al., 2021). Mashhoon et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential effects of alcohol‐drinking patterns on the structure and function of the brain and cognitive performance in young adult drinkers: A pilot study

Guo

Yan²,

Chen

et al. 2021

Brain and Behavior

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Introduction This study was aimed to determine how different patterns of alcohol consumption drive changes to brain structure and function and their correlation with cognitive impairments in young adult alcohol drinkers. Methods In this study, we enrolled five groups participants and defined as: long‐term abstinence from alcohol (LA), binge drinking (BD), long‐term low dosage alcohol consumption but exceeding the safety drinking dosage (LD), long‐term alcohol consumption of damaging dosage (LDD), and long‐term heavy drinking (HD). All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI (fMRI) to acquire data on brain structure and function, including gray matter volume (GMV), fractional amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), functional connectivity (FC), and brain network properties. The cognitive ability was evaluated with the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), intelligence quotient (IQ), and short delay free recall (SDFR). Results Compared to LA, GMV significantly decreased in the brain regions in VN, SMN, and VAN in the alcohol‐drinking groups (BD, LD, LDD, and HD). ReHo was significantly enhanced in the brain regions in VN, SMN, and VAN, while fALFF significantly increased in the brain regions in VN and SMN. The number of intra‐ and inter‐modular connections within networks (VN, SMN, sensory control network [SCN], and VAN) and their connections to other modules were abnormally changed. These changes adversely affected cognition (e.g., IQ, CVLT, SDFR). Conclusion Despite the small sample size, this study provides new evidence supporting the need for young people to abstain from alcohol to protect their brains. These findings present strong reasoning for updating anti‐alcohol slogans and guidelines for young people in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhao et al. (2021) suggested that heavy alcohol drinking is associated with impairments to the microstructural integrity of brain WM in adolescent heavy drinkers. Simultaneously, Liu et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of alcohol‐drinking patterns on the structure and function of the brain and cognitive performance in young adult drinkers: A pilot study

Guo

Yan²,

Chen

et al. 2021

Brain and Behavior

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“…Specifically, we approached our analyses conservatively by using age- and sex-matched samples, which reduced power by limiting the sample sizes and biasing the ages toward the older ages and away from the younger ages commonly showing the greatest alcohol effects. Given the disturbed brain macrostructural and microstructural developmental trajectories related to initiation of heavy drinking, especially in young drinkers (Pfefferbaum et al, 2018; Zhao et al, in press), future studies are clearly warranted to seek selective cognitive or motor component processes that are concurrently disturbed with drinking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth trajectories of cognitive and motor control in adolescence: How much is development and how much is practice?

Lannoy¹,

Pfefferbaum²,

Berre³

et al. 2022

Neuropsychology

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Objective: Executive control continues to develop throughout adolescence and is vulnerable to alcohol use. Although longitudinal assessment is ideal for tracking executive function development and onset of alcohol use, prior testing experience must be distinguished from developmental trajectories. Method: We used the Stroop Match-to-Sample task to examine the improvement of processing speed and specific cognitive and

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“…During inference, the samples from CT domain are initially translated to MRI scans, which are then used to predict the segmentation mask by a segmentor trained on the MRI domain. MUNIT has been evaluated on the following medical datasets: LiTS [139] liver, NCANDA [140] and BraTS [141] brain, CHAOs [142] abdomen organs, and MS-CMRSeg [143,144] and MM-WHS [120,121,122] cardiac datasets, respectively.…”

Section: Multi-modal and Cross-modal Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning Disentangled Representations in the Imaging Domain

Liu,

Sanchez,

Thermos

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Disentangled representation learning has been proposed as an approach to learning general representations. This can be done in the absence of, or with limited, annotations. A good general representation can be readily fine-tuned for new target tasks using modest amounts of data, or even be used directly in unseen domains achieving remarkable performance in the corresponding task. This alleviation of the data and annotation requirements offers tantalising prospects for tractable and affordable applications in computer vision and healthcare. Finally, disentangled representations can offer model explainability and can help us understand the underlying causal relations of the factors of variation, increasing their suitability for real-world deployment. In this tutorial paper, we will offer an overview of the disentangled representation learning, its building blocks and criteria, and discuss applications in computer vision and medical imaging. We conclude our tutorial by presenting the identified opportunities for the integration of recent machine learning advances into disentanglement, as well as the remaining challenges.

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Association of Heavy Drinking With Deviant Fiber Tract Development in Frontal Brain Systems in Adolescents

Cited by 35 publications

References 52 publications

Differential effects of alcohol‐drinking patterns on the structure and function of the brain and cognitive performance in young adult drinkers: A pilot study

Differential effects of alcohol‐drinking patterns on the structure and function of the brain and cognitive performance in young adult drinkers: A pilot study

Growth trajectories of cognitive and motor control in adolescence: How much is development and how much is practice?

Learning Disentangled Representations in the Imaging Domain

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