Association of Gut Microbiota during Early Pregnancy with Risk of Incident Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Aims We aimed to assess the association between gut bacterial biomarkers during early pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese pregnant women. Methods Within the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort study, we conducted a nested case-control study among 201 incident GDM cases and 201 matched controls. Fecal samples were collected during early pregnancy (at 6-15 weeks), and GDM was diagnosed at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. Community DNA isolated from fecal samples and V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries were sequenced. Results In GDM cases versus controls, Rothia, Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, Adlercreutzia, and Coriobacteriaceae, and Lachnospiraceae spp. were significantly reduced, while Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae spp. and Veillonellaceae were over-represented. In addition, the abundance of Staphylococcus relative to Clostridium, Roseburia and Coriobacteriaceae as reference microorganisms were positively correlated with fasting blood glucose, 1-h and 2-h postprandial glucose levels. Adding microbial taxa to the base GDM prediction model with conventional risk factors increased the C-statistic significantly (P<0.001) from 0.69 to 0.75. Conclusions Gut microbiota during early pregnancy was associated with subsequent risk of GDM. Several beneficial and commensal gut microorganisms showed inverse relations with incident GDM, while opportunistic pathogenic members were related to higher risk of incident GDM and positively correlated with glucose levels on OGTT.

Long-Term Effects of Developmental Exposure to Oxycodone on Gut Microbiota and Relationship to Adult Behaviors and Metabolism

“…Maternal obesity during pregnancy may also increase this bacterium ( 33 ). Another pregnancy cohort study revealed that the abundance of Staphylococcus relative to Clostridium, Roseburia , and Coriobacteriaceae were positively correlated with fasting blood glucose ( 34 ).…”

The Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Transcriptome and Gut Microbiota Profiling

“…However, a few data have demonstrated that Parasutterella actively participates in metabolic functionality, particularly the deconjugation process of taurine-conjugated bile acids [ 26 ], while Turicibacter had a beneficial role in host serotonin metabolism [ 27 ]. It has been shown that Adlercreutzia has an inverse correlation with cardiovascular functions [ 28 ], diabetes [ 29 ], and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) [ 30 ], which regulates phytoestrogenic activity, produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and has neuroprotective effects. In line with our study, increasing studies on human MS have indicated that individual or combined strains of Prevotella may have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects [ 20 ], through enhancing the production of protective SCFAs [ 31 ], increasing the production of phytoestrogens [ 32 ], and mediating Th17-related immune responses [ 33 ].…”

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“…Genus Ruminococcus was observed to be less abundant in humans taking rich-vegetable diets [ 41 ], and was consistently associated with an increased risk of T2DM [ 34 ]. Genus Adlercreutzia was less abundant in gestational hypertensive women taking higher dietary fiber [ 42 ], but more prevalent in healthy controls than patients with diabetes [ 43 ] and gestational diabetes [ 44 ]. Genus Prevotella was also a detrimental bacterium linked to chronic systemic inflammation [ 45 ] and dominated dysbiosis in T2DM patients [ 46 ].…”