Association of gestational diabetes mellitus and thyroid status during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary health care center of Bangladesh

Shahid, Mohammad Moin; Rahman, Kazi Monisur; Gomes, Richmond Ronald; Ferdous, Menoka; Ferdousi, Shamima; Zahan, Tamannur

doi:10.1080/09513590.2020.1866531

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Toulis et al reported an increased incidence of SCH in GDM patients, which is similar to our findings. 1,39 The findings of our investigation are in agreement with those of Gong et al who found a correlation between hypothyroidism and the incidence of GDM. 1,36 There are various studies on thyroid autoimmune disease and the emergence of GDM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…1,39 The findings of our investigation are in agreement with those of Gong et al who found a correlation between hypothyroidism and the incidence of GDM. 1,36 There are various studies on thyroid autoimmune disease and the emergence of GDM. Hornnes et al observed that women who had thyroid autoimmunity were more likely to experience pregnancy-related glucose intolerance, whereas others had opposing views.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Hornnes et al observed that women who had thyroid autoimmunity were more likely to experience pregnancy-related glucose intolerance, whereas others had opposing views. 1,32,33,[35][36][37][38][39][40] Among 6% of anti-TPO positive euthyroid patients, 2% of cases had GDM. The incidence of GDM, hypothyroidism, and anti-TPO positive cases was 3%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the most frequent endocrine abnormalities identified during pregnancy are thyroid problems and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). 1,2 A recent study showed that the prevalence of GDM has steadily risen in China and is currently at 14.8%. 3,4 According to statistics from the most recent IDF Diabetes Atlas, 5,6 the frequency of hyperglycemia in pregnancy was 15.8% worldwide, of which gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was 83.6%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased occurrence of hypothyroidism among pregnant women during the first trimester and its correlation with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chattagram region, Bangladesh

Sharmen

Sadaf

Jabin

et al. 2022

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: The present study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women in their first trimester in Chattagram, an iodine-sufficient area in Bangladesh. We also studied whether hypothyroidism in pregnancy has any correlation with high titres of anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: Our study included 100 pregnant women at their first antenatal checkup based on certain preselected criteria in two tertiary care hospitals in Chattogram. The levels of serum TSH, FT4, and anti-TPO were estimated to detect thyroid function from the collected blood sample. The oral glucose tolerance test was carried out between 24 and 28 weeks of gestational age. A standard predesigned proforma was used to record a detailed patient history and the findings of general physical examinations.Results: According to our results, thyroid disorder and GDM affect 19% and 13% of total pregnancies, respectively. Among TD patients, subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) prevails the most (11%). The majority of the hypothyroid patients with a high titre of anti-TPO positivity (11%) indicate an autoimmune etiology (p<0.001). Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship (p<0.01) was established between hypothyroidism and GDM. No demographic data was observed to affect GDM and hypothyroidism.Conclusion: Thyroid disorders affect one in every six pregnant women in the southern part of Bangladesh. Moreover, hypothyroid pregnant women were found to be highly susceptible to GDM. Euthyroid women with a high titre of anti-TPO during their gestation should be closely monitored for the development of hypothyroidism and GDM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased occurrence of hypothyroidism among pregnant women during the first trimester and its correlation with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chattagram region, Bangladesh

Sharmen

Sadaf

Jabin

et al. 2022

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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“…Despite our attempts to eliminate potential biases, this systematic review has limitations. First, because some studies did not specify if hyperthyroidism was treated, we had to exclude many patients from the final analyses (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46). Second, it is important to emphasize that in carrying out this meta-analysis, we only used studies that showed the treatment of overt hyperthyroidism during pregnancy.…”

Section: Cohortstudiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hyperthyroidism Control During Pregnancy on Maternal and Fetal Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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ContextAlthough the overt hyperthyroidism treatment during pregnancy is mandatory, unfortunately, few studies have evaluated the impact of treatment on reducing maternal and fetal outcomes.ObjectiveThis study aimed to demonstrate whether treatment to control hyperthyroidism manifested during pregnancy can potentially reduce maternal-fetal effects compared with euthyroid pregnancies through a systematic review with meta-analysis.Data SourceMEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library Central, LILACS/BIREME until May 2021.Study SelectionStudies that compared, during the gestational period, treated women with hyperthyroidism versus euthyroid women. The following outcomes of this comparison were: pre-eclampsia, abruptio placentae, fetal growth retardation, gestational diabetes, postpartum hemorrhage, low birth weight, stillbirth, spontaneous abortions, premature birth.Data ExtractionTwo independent reviewers extracted data and performed quality assessments. Dichotomous data were analyzed by calculating risk differences (DR) with fixed and random effect models according to the level of heterogeneity.Data SynthesisSeven cohort studies were included. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that there was a lower incidence of preeclampsia (p=0.01), low birth weight (p=0.03), spontaneous abortion (p<0.00001) and preterm birth (p=0.001) favouring the euthyroid pregnant group when compared to those who treated hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the outcomes: abruptio placentae, fetal growth retardation, gestational diabetes mellitus, postpartum hemorrhage, and stillbirth.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that treating overt hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is mandatory and appears to reduce some potential maternal-fetal complications, despite there still being a residual risk of negative outcomes.

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Association Between Maternal Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study

Huang,

Su,

Wang

et al. 2023

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Context Previous studies on the relationship between thyroid gland function and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have reported different results, leading to the need for a cohort study design with a large sample size. Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between thyroid function in early pregnancy and GDM. Methods This was a prospective cohort study based on the China Birth Cohort Study (CBCS), from February 2018 to December 2020. The study took place at a tertiary maternal and child health hospital. A total of 36 256 pregnant women were successfully recruited based on the CBCS. The main outcome measure was GDM. Results This study consisted of 26 742 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria, of whom 3985 (14.90%) were diagnosed with GDM, and the women with GDM were older than their healthy counterparts (33.26 ± 4.01 vs 31.51 ± 3.76 years, P < .001). After removing potential influencing variables, we found that increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.030, 95% CI 1.007, 1.054, P = .012) and subclinical hypothyroidism (aOR 1.211, 95% CI 1.010, 1.451, P = .039), but not free thyroxine or thyroid peroxidase antibody, were associated with the occurrence of GDM. Further analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship between TSH and GDM (P < .05): when TSH ≤ 1.24 mIU/L, the occurrence of GDM was elevated with increasing TSH, but when TSH > 1.24 mIU/L, this trend was not obvious. Conclusion High TSH might be associated with increased risk of GDM.

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Association of gestational diabetes mellitus and thyroid status during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary health care center of Bangladesh

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Increased occurrence of hypothyroidism among pregnant women during the first trimester and its correlation with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chattagram region, Bangladesh

Increased occurrence of hypothyroidism among pregnant women during the first trimester and its correlation with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chattagram region, Bangladesh

Effect of Hyperthyroidism Control During Pregnancy on Maternal and Fetal Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Association Between Maternal Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study

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