Association of Gastric Myoelectric Activity with Dietary Intakes, Substrate Utilization, and Energy Expenditure in Adults with Obesity

Abstract

Obesity can modulate gastric myoelectric activity (GMA); however, the relationship of GMA with nutrient intakes and substrate utilization in adults with obesity is lacking. We examined the association of dietary intakes, energy expenditure, and substrate utilization with the GMA. Participants (n = 115, 18–60 y) were divided into healthy weight (HW, n = 24), overweight (OW, n = 29), obese (OB, n = 41) and morbidly obese (MO, n = 21). Two-day multi-pass 24 h recalls were conducted. The GMA was measured by multichannel electrogastrography (EGG) with water-load (WL) testing. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and percentages of substrate utilization were measured by indirect calorimetry. In the HW, protein intake was directly correlated with average dominant frequency (ADF) and with WL volume, while in obese participants and the MO subgroup, WL volume correlated with carbohydrate intake. In participants with obesity, ADF was positively correlated with fiber intake. In participants with obesity and the OB subgroup, RMR was positively correlated with water-load volume (r = 0.39 and 0.37, p < 0.05). The ADF showed negative correlations with percent of fat utilization and positive correlations with percent of CHO utilization in non-obese groups. However, protein utilization showed inverse correlation in all obese groups. In conclusion, these distinctive associations suggest that certain dietary compositions and dieting regimens impact GMA patterns.

Gastric Myoelectric Activity and Body Composition in Women with Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa: A Preliminary Trial Study

“…Table 4 shows that there were insignificant differences between patients with ED who had a BMI greater than the median and those with a BMI less than the median. Previous reports from our research group indicated that patients with severe obesity have higher WL volumes than health controls, while patients with overweight and those with non-morbid obesity had insignificant differences regarding the WL volume [22]. The BMI range of the participants in this current study was in the overweight to non-severe obesity range.…”

“…The EGG electrodes were placed on the skin at three sites: (a) mid-clavicular line, approximately two inches below the left costochondral margin; (b) mid-clavicular line on the right side, two inches below the right costochondral margin; (c) midline between the xiphoid and umbilicus. The EGG procedures are detailed in previous studies [16,22].…”