Association of Female Reproductive Factors With Incidence of Fracture Among Postmenopausal Women in Korea

Yoo, Jung Eun; Shin, Dong Wook; Han, Kyungdo; Kim, Dahye; Yoon, Ji Won; Lee, Dong−Yun

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.30405

Cited by 42 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The shorter reproductive period could increase the risk of dementia by non-parous or greater pregnancies/parities in elderly women. Later age at menarche (≥ 17 years), earlier age at menopause (< 40 years), shorter reproductive span (< 30 years) increased the risks of fractures [42] and age-related hearing decline [43] as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Factors and Risk of Dementia in Natural Postmenopausal Women: a Cross-sectional Study

Gan

Chen

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Women comprise more than half of people suffering cognitive impairment. This study aims to evaluate the association or interaction between reproductive factors and the risk of dementia in Chinese women with natural menopause.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 112 community primary health care centers in rural northern China between April 2019 and January 2020. A total of 4,275 women aged ≥ 65 years who had natural menopause were included. Reproductive factors were recorded by self-report. Reproductive period was calculated as age at menopause minus age at menarche.Results: Compared to those without dementia, women with dementia were significantly older at menarche and younger at menopause; had significantly shorter duration of reproductive period; and had more pregnancies and parities. There were 0.757, 0.698, and 0.708 times to get dementia for women who experienced reproductive periods with 31-33 years, 34-36 years, and ≥ 37 years, respectively, as compared with ≤ 30 years. Reproductive period could positively predict MMSE score (β = 0.112) and negative prediction of the number of parities (β = -0.449); the number of parities could negatively predict MMSE score (β = -0.851) as well.Conclusions: Longer duration of reproductive period, directly or through lower number of pregnancies/parities indirectly, lowers the risk of dementia in late life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Factors and Risk of Dementia in Natural Postmenopausal Women: a Cross-sectional Study

Gan

Chen

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The age at menopause was categorised as <40 years, 40–45 years (≥40, <45), 45–50 years (≥45, <50), 50–55 years (≥50, <55) and ≥55 years. The reproductive period was calculated as the interval between the age at menarche and the age at menopause [ 28 ]. The reproductive period was categorised as <30 years, 30–35 years (≥30, <35), 35–40 years (≥35, <40), and ≥40 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Reproductive Factors and the Risk of Bronchiectasis: A Nationwide Population-Based Longitudinal Study

et al. 2022

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Although the oestrogen level is thought to be involved in the occurrence of bronchiectasis, limited data are available on the relationship between female reproductive factors and the risk of bronchiectasis. We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study of 959,523 premenopausal women and 1,362,401 postmenopausal women without a previous history of bronchiectasis who participated in a health screening exam in 2009 in South Korea. In premenopausal women, compared with a later age at menarche (≥16 years), an earlier menarche (<12 years) was associated with a reduced risk of bronchiectasis with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of 0.74 (0.67–0.81). However, there were no significant associations between other reproductive factors (breastfeeding, parity, or oral contraceptive use) and the risk of bronchiectasis. In postmenopausal women, the risk of bronchiectasis (aHR (95% CI)) was lower in those with an earlier menarche (0.79 (0.72–0.87) for <12 years vs. ≥16 years), a later menopause (0.90 (0.84–0.96) ≥55 years vs. <40 years), and a longer reproductive period (0.90 (0.86–0.94) for ≥40 years vs. <30 years). There was no significant relationship between parity and the risk of bronchiectasis. Although breastfeeding <1 year (aHR (95% CI) = 0.92 (0.87–0.97) for <0.5 years and 0.93 (0.88–0.97) for 0.5–1 years) and oral contraceptive use <1 year (0.97 (0.94–0.99)) reduced the risk of bronchiectasis, hormone replacement therapy ≥5 years increased the risk of bronchiectasis (1.24 (1.18–1.30)). Female reproductive factors are risk factors for developing bronchiectasis, showing a higher risk associated with shorter endogenous oestrogen exposure regardless of the menopausal status.

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“…Some studies have described that women who breastfeed have lower BMD values than those who do not 20,24,32 , but there are other authors who find the opposite: a protective effect with higher BMD values and a lower risk of densitometric osteoporosis 18,31 . A study carried out in Korea in more than one million women 41 found that the parameters that were independently associated with an increased risk of…”

Section: Originalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencia de la lactancia materna en el metabolismo mineral óseo después de la menopausia

Carreras-Díaz

Saavedra-Santana

Tejada-Romero

et al. 2021

Rev Osteoporos Metab Miner

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Objective: Lifestyle and gynecological history appear to influence bone mineral metabolism. There are conflicting data on the possible effects of breastfeeding on the subsequent development of densitometric osteoporosis or the development of fragility fractures. The objective of this study was to assess these effects. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, open study, carried out in 758 postmenopausal women who were classified into two groups, depending on whether they had breastfed their children or not. Data were collected on lifestyles, gynecological history and fragility fractures. They underwent a general analysis, with renal and hepatic function, lipids, ions, as well as biochemical markers of bone remodeling, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D (25HCC). Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined in the lumbar spine and in the proximal extremity of the femur by dual Xray absorptiometry (DXA). Likewise, a quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurement was performed on the calcaneus of the dominant foot. The raw data, after being compared by groups, were adjusted by applying the propensity score matching method, making a more precise comparison of the variables studied. Results:The results prior to the application of the propensity score were adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), since in the baseline study there were significant differences in these variables between both groups (prevalence of hip fractures and kyphosis and in the following biochemical parameters: specifically uric acid, glucose, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and phosphorus). These differences disappeared after adjusting for the variables that were included in the model by the applied linear logistic regression. After adjusting with the propensity score matching and with the finally obtained linear regression model, no influence of breastfeeding was obtained on bone mineral density, on the prevalence of densitometric osteoporosis or on the appearance of fragility fractures after menopause. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is not associated with higher or lower bone mineral density values, the prevalence of densitometric osteoporosis, or the presence of fragility fractures.

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Association of Female Reproductive Factors With Incidence of Fracture Among Postmenopausal Women in Korea

Cited by 42 publications

References 59 publications

Reproductive Factors and Risk of Dementia in Natural Postmenopausal Women: a Cross-sectional Study

Reproductive Factors and Risk of Dementia in Natural Postmenopausal Women: a Cross-sectional Study

Female Reproductive Factors and the Risk of Bronchiectasis: A Nationwide Population-Based Longitudinal Study

Influencia de la lactancia materna en el metabolismo mineral óseo después de la menopausia

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