Association of Edentulism with Various Chronic Diseases in Mexican Elders 60+ Years: Results of a Population-Based Survey

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association of edentulism with different chronic diseases and mental disorders in Mexicans aged 60 years and over. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the World Health Survey for Mexico, in a probabilistic, multi-stage cluster sampling framework. Data for self-report of chronic diseases (diabetes, arthritis, angina pectoris and asthma), mental disorders (depression and schizophrenia) and edentulism were analyzed. Edentulism data were available for 20 of the 32 States of Mexico. Statistical analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 using the svy module for complex sampling (Complex nature under which individuals are sampled). Results: In total 4213 subjects were included, representing a population of 7,576,057 individuals. Mean age was 70.13 ± 7.82 years (range 60 to 98); 56.2% were women. Chronic diseases’ prevalence and mental disorders prevalence were as follows: diabetes 15.0% (N = 1,132,693); arthritis 13.2% (N = 1,001,667); depression 5.5% (N = 414,912); angina pectoris 4.5% (344,315); asthma 3.6% (N = 269,287); and schizophrenia 2.2% (N = 16,988). The prevalence of edentulism was 26.3%, which pertained to 1,993,463 people aged 60 years and over. Angina in women aged 60 to 69 years (p < 0.05) and depression in men aged 70 years and over (p < 0.0001) were associated with higher prevalence of edentulism. Conclusions: There was generally sparse association between edentulism on chronic diseases and mental disorders included in the study, except for women aged 60 to 69 years for angina, and in men aged 70 and over, for depression. Although our findings are misaligned with previous reports, longitudinal studies are required to test causal and temporal relationships between edentulism with chronic diseases and mental disorders.

Comparative Analysis of Edentulism in a Sample of Mexican Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes

“…Due to the high prevalence and incidence of oral diseases, the total number of individuals they affect, and their economic impact on families and on health systems, they are considered public health problems [ 1 , 2 ]. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that poor oral health is a major health challenge around the world; it has been poorly addressed in general.…”

“…The most prevalent chronic diseases share some modifiable risk factors with oral diseases and, therefore, may occur in the same patients [ 2 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. In addition, people with chronic diseases are more likely to have untreated dental disease and periodontitis, which may lead to tooth loss [ 2 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Oral diseases and diabetes mellitus are an example of such overlap [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

“…With T2DM increasing worldwide, it is reasonable to expect an increase in dental care needs [ 36 ]. Because the association between edentulism and T2DM has been reported to hold diverse directions and/or strengths [ 2 , 37 , 38 ], it is plausible that such association is context-specific [ 35 ]. We sought to expand the knowledge base.…”

Total Edentulism and Its Epidemiological Surveillance in Oaxaca, Mexico from 2009<strong>–</strong>2019.

“…Toothless older people modify their diet, avoiding foods that are difficult to chew, such as fruits and vegetables (foods associated with the prevention of chronic diseases), affecting their nutritional status [6]. In addition, some reports associated edentulism with chronic diseases such as cancer of the digestive tract and cardiovascular diseases [7].…”

Total Edentulism and Its Epidemiological Surveillance in Oaxaca, Mexico from 2009–2019

“…Toothless older people modify their diet, avoiding foods that are difficult to chew, such as fruits and vegetables (foods associated with the prevention of chronic diseases), affecting their nutritional status [6]. In addition, some reports associated Oral 2021, 1 351 edentulism with chronic diseases, such as cancer of the digestive tract and cardiovascular diseases [7].…”