Association of disrupted circadian rhythmicity with mood disorders, subjective wellbeing, and cognitive function: a cross-sectional study of 91 105 participants from the UK Biobank

Lyall, Laura M.; Wyse, Cathy; Graham, Nicholas; Ferguson, Amy; Cullen, Breda; Morales, Carlos A. Celis; Biello, Stephany M.; Mackay, Daniel; Ward, Joey; Strawbridge, Rona J.; Gill, Jason M.R.; Bailey, Mark E.S.; Pell, Jill P.; Smith, Daniel J.

doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30139-1

Cited by 259 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In terms of the association between CR disturbances with psychopathology, we found that depressive and anxiety disorders are associated with lower RA between day-time and night-time activity levels. Similarly, previous studies have shown that CR appears to be dampened in patients with depression (Hori et al, 2016) and mood disorders (Lyall et al, 2018;Shou et al, 2017), suggesting that the lower level of daily activity is a core feature of mood disorders (Burton et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Importantly, less research has been conducted for anxiety, however, our results showed similar effects to those in depression. Reduced daily activity level and CR amplitude may be indicative of psychomotor retardation, withdrawal from normal activities of daily living (Burton et al, 2013) and circadian impairments (Lyall et al, 2018). As improvement in depression with antidepressant medications have been linked with greater day-time activity levels (Todder, Caliskan, & Baune, 2009) and higher RA between day-time and nighttime activity (Todder et al, 2009) when using actigraphy, the continuous measurement of daily activity and circadian rhythmicity with wrist-worn actigraphy may help to monitor treatment effects (Martin & Hakim, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity patterns in depressive and anxiety disorders: A 2‐week ambulatory assessment study

et al. 2019

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Background Actigraphy may provide a more valid assessment of sleep, circadian rhythm (CR), and physical activity (PA) than self‐reported questionnaires, but has not been used widely to study the association with depression/anxiety and their clinical characteristics. Methods Fourteen‐day actigraphy data of 359 participants with current (n = 93), remitted (n = 176), or no (n = 90) composite international diagnostic interview depression/anxiety diagnoses were obtained from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Objective estimates included sleep duration (SD), sleep efficiency, relative amplitude (RA) between day‐time and night‐time activity, mid sleep on free days (MSF), gross motor activity (GMA), and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA). Self‐reported measures included insomnia rating scale, SD, MSF, metabolic equivalent total, and MVPA. Results Compared to controls, individuals with current depression/anxiety had a significantly different objective, but not self‐reported, PA and CR: lower GMA (23.83 vs. 27.4 milli‐gravity/day, p = .022), lower MVPA (35.32 vs. 47.64 min/day, p = .023), lower RA (0.82 vs. 0.83, p = .033). In contrast, self‐reported, but not objective, sleep differed between people with current depression/anxiety compared to those without current disorders; people with current depression/anxiety reported both shorter and longer SD and more insomnia. More depressive/anxiety symptoms and number of depressive/anxiety diagnoses were associated with larger disturbances of the actigraphy measures. Conclusion Actigraphy provides ecologically valid information on sleep, CR, and PA that enhances data from self‐reported questionnaires. As those with more severe or comorbid forms showed the lowest PA and most CR disruptions, the potential for adjunctive behavioral and chronotherapy interventions should be explored, as well as the potential of actigraphy to monitor treatment response to such interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity patterns in depressive and anxiety disorders: A 2‐week ambulatory assessment study

et al. 2019

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“…Likewise, 'social jet lag' , associated with relatively delayed sleep timing on non-work days, has been linked to obesity (Roenneberg et al, 2012) and cardiometabolic risk (Wong et al, 2015). Accumulating evidence also points to associations of circadian disruption with mood disorders (Lyall et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human circadian phase–response curves for exercise

Youngstedt

Elliott

Kripke

2019

The Journal of Physiology

168

137

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Key points Exercise elicits circadian phase‐shifting effects, but additional information is needed. The phase–response curve describing the magnitude and direction of circadian rhythm phase shifts, depending on the time of the zeigeber (time cue) stimulus, is the most fundamental chronobiological tool for alleviating circadian misalignment and related morbidity. Fifty‐one older and 48 young adults followed a circadian rhythms measurement protocol for up to 5.5 days, and performed 1 h of moderate treadmill exercise for 3 consecutive days at one of eight times of the day/night. Temporal changes in the phase of 6‐sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) were measured from evening onset, cosine acrophase, morning offset and duration of excretion. Significant phase–response curves were established for aMT6 onset and acrophase with large phase delays from 7:00 pm to 10:00 pm and large phase advances at both 7:00 am and from 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm. Delays or advances would be desired, for example, for adjustment to westward or eastward air travel, respectively. Along with known synergism with bright light, the above PRCs with a second phase advance region (afternoon) could support both practical and clinical applications. Abstract Although bright light is regarded as the primary circadian zeitgeber, its limitations support exploring alternative zeitgebers. Exercise elicits significant circadian phase‐shifting effects, but fundamental information regarding these effects is needed. The primary aim of the present study was to establish phase–response curves (PRCs) documenting the size and direction of phase shifts in relation to the circadian time of exercise. Aerobically fit older ( n = 51; 59–75 years) and young adults ( n = 48; 18–30 years) followed a 90 min laboratory ultrashort sleep–wake cycle (60 min wake/30 min sleep) for up to 5½ days. At the same clock time on three consecutive days, each participant performed 60 min of moderate treadmill exercise (65–75% of heart rate reserve) at one of eight times of day/night. To describe PRCs, phase shifts were measured for the cosine‐fitted acrophase of urinary 6‐sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), as well as for the evening rise, morning decline and change in duration of aMT6s excretion. Significant PRCs were found for aMT6s acrophase, onset and duration, with peak phase advances corresponding to clock times of 7:00 am and from 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm, delays from 7:00 pm to 10:00 pm, and minimal shifts around 4:00 pm and 2:00 am. There were no significant age or sex differences. The amplitudes of the aMT6s onset and acrophase PRCs are comparable to expectations for bright light of equal duration. The phase advance to afternoon exercise and the exercise‐induced PRC for change in aMT6s duration are novel findings. The results support further research exploring additive phase‐shifting effects of bright light ...

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“…This does not clarify the direction of this relationship as late chronotype may be a marker and/or a risk factor for depression. A recent cross-sectional study from the UK BioBank revealed that MDD was also linked with a lower amplitude of the daily rest/activity rhythm 35. These findings indicate that a phase-delay of the circadian clock is associated with non-seasonal depression, and this forms the basis for the use of bright-light morning therapy as a treatment.…”

Section: Circadian Rhythms and Healthmentioning

confidence: 93%

Clocks in the clinic: circadian rhythms in health and disease

Kelly

Healy

Sreenan

et al. 2018

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Circadian rhythms are endogenously generated recurring patterns of around 24 hours with well-established roles in physiology and behaviour. These circadian clocks are important in both the aetiology and treatment of various psychiatric and metabolic diseases. To maintain physiological homeostasis and optimal functioning, living life synchronised to these clocks is desirable; modern society, however, promotes a ‘24/7’ lifestyle where activity often occurs during the body’s ‘biological night’, resulting in mistimed sleep and circadian misalignment. This circadian desynchrony can increase the risk of disease and can also influence treatment response. Clinicians should be aware of the influence that circadian desynchrony can have on health and disease, in order to potentially develop new therapeutic strategies and to incorporate chronotherapeutics into current treatment strategies to enhance their utility.

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Association of disrupted circadian rhythmicity with mood disorders, subjective wellbeing, and cognitive function: a cross-sectional study of 91 105 participants from the UK Biobank

Cited by 259 publications

References 25 publications

Sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity patterns in depressive and anxiety disorders: A 2‐week ambulatory assessment study

Sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity patterns in depressive and anxiety disorders: A 2‐week ambulatory assessment study

Human circadian phase–response curves for exercise

Clocks in the clinic: circadian rhythms in health and disease

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