Association of Dietary Patterns with Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the United States National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey Database

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Although studies have explored some dietary patterns for Parkinson’s disease (PD), more other dietary patterns and food item under the dietary pattern are needed to investigate. This study aimed to identify more categories of dietary patterns for PD and further explore the association of single food item with PD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The 2015–2018 US National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) database was used for data extraction. The data on demographics and nutrient intake were collected. Dietary patterns were derived from food categories by factor analysis. The association between dietary patterns or single food item and PD was explored using logistic regression analysis in the overall and only in secure PD cases, and results were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding participants using unsecure PD medication. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among 5,824 participants aged over 50 years, 91 were diagnosed as PD. Factor analysis identified 5 major dietary pattern factors. We observed that the increased adherence to Mediterranean diet (MeDi) was associated with the reduced odds of PD (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65–0.93). The higher adherence to Western pattern was associated with the increased odds of PD (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.16–4.14). In addition, high intake of sweets under Western pattern was found to be associated with the higher odds of PD (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.08–3.71). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The odds of PD decreased by higher MeDi adherence and increased by higher Western pattern adherence, especially sweets intake in this pattern, suggesting population ≥50 years should adhere to MeDi pattern and decrease the adherence to Western pattern, reducing the intake of sweets.

WITHDRAWN: Association between dietary inflammatory index and Parkinson’s disease from NHANES (2003–2018): a cross-sectional study

“…An inappropriate dietary pattern is closely related to increased in ammatory factors in PD, which are often caused by oxidative stress and chronic neuroin ammation [5,6] . There has been some research suggesting that a Western diet increases in ammation factors, which are associated with a higher risk of PD, while Mediterranean diets are associated with lower ones, which have protective effects against PD onset and progression [6][7][8][9][10] . It is an effective method for measuring a diet's in ammatory potential known as the Dietary In ammation Index [5,11] .…”

Association between serum potassium and Parkinson’s disease in the US (NHANES 2005–2020)

“…The diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease was determined based on whether the participant was taking one or more medications for Parkinson’s disease ( DeMarco et al, 2021 ; Xu et al, 2023 ; Zeng et al, 2023c ). This determination was made by examining responses to questions about prescription drugs.…”

Dietary Copper Intake and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: a Cross-sectional Study

“…In the NHANES database, combined with previous literature [ 23 – 25 ], participants with Parkinson’s disease were identified by using “ANTIPAKINSON AGENTS”; this determination was made based on the responses to prescription medication questions. Due to the limitations of medications and codes included in the NHANES, an individual had to be receiving treatment for PD to be classified as having it, and others were identified with non-Parkinson’s disease.…”