Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis in a Turkish population

Abstract

Human leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasite species belonging to the genus Leishmania (over 20 species), and it is transmitted to human by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sand fly (Phlebotomus spp. in the Old World and Lutzomyia spp. in the New World). 1,2 There are three main clinical forms of Leishmaniasis: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). 3 According to the World Health Organization (WHO) fact sheet data, 97 countries are endemic for leishmaniasis and an estimated 700.000-1 million new cases and 26.000-65.000 deaths occur worldwide, annually. An estimated 50.000 to 90.000 new cases of VL occur worldwide each year. In 2017, more than 95% of new VL cases occurred in Bangladesh,

Association between interleukin 10 (IL-10) polymorphisms and leishmaniasis progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…1 ). The studies excluded from the meta-analysis had polymorphisms which the other included studies did not cover; therefore, it was not possible to compare them 28 . The references of all eligible publications were crosschecked, and no further records were found to meet the inclusion criteria.…”

“…Sonon et al 24 and Covas et al 26 , both analysing the rs180071 IL-10 SNP, indicated that IL-10 is not associated with CL and that the SNP does not regulate IL-10 secretion. Kirik et al 28 analysed the rs1800896 SNP and presented a deviation from HWE both in patient and control groups, and thus could not compare the risk estimate results. Both Hajilooi et al 25 , 30 studies demonstrated SNP influence in the progression of VL, particularly, rs1800871 and 1800896 IL-10 SNPs, respectively.…”

“…All eligible studies were published between 2013 and 2020. Two of the included studies were conducted in Iran 25 , 30 , three in Brazil 24 , 26 , 27 , one in India 29 , and one in Turkey 28 . Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review, and Table 2 shows the genotype and allele frequencies reported in the studies included in the meta-analysis.…”

An integrated bioinformatic analysis of microarray datasets to identify biomarkers and miRNA-based regulatory networks in leishmaniasis

“…Nevertheless, high levels of this cytokine can lead to tissue damage and the formation of persistent lesions. Despite the existence of numerous polymorphisms within the TNF gene locus, it is not yet certain whether these polymorphisms have a direct impact on TNF-α levels 41 . This suggests that the TNF gene might be linked to how susceptible people are to leishmaniasis.…”