Association of COVID-19 Pandemic and Rate of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-sectional Study

Ismail, Ismail Ibrahim; Kamel, Walaa A.; Al-Hashel, Jasem Yousef

doi:10.1177/23337214211005223

Cited by 49 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Responses of people with dementia in our study were consistent with early reports indicating that people with dementia themselves were concerned about increased decline in abilities during lockdown [11,13,14]. While some decline would be expected over time, perceptions of accelerated cognitive decline are supported by studies of memory clinic samples that identi ed steeper trajectories of decline in MMSE scores during the pandemic [50,51]. Perceived decline in cognitive and functional abilities over and above what would normally be expected could be attributable to the effects of pandemic-related restrictive measures, including more social isolation, reduction in usual activities and loss of routine as well as increased carer stress [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

Clare¹,

Martyr²,

Gamble³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia have been widely-documented, but most studies have relied on carer reports and few have compared responses to information collected before the pandemic. Objective We aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on community-dwelling individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia and compare responses with pre-pandemic data. Methods During the second wave of the pandemic we conducted structured telephone interviews with 173 people with dementia and 242 carers acting as informants, all of whom had previously participated in the IDEAL cohort. Where possible we benchmarked responses against pre-pandemic data. Results Significant perceived negative impacts were identified in cognitive and functional skills and ability to engage in self-care and manage everyday activities, along with increased levels of loneliness and discontinuity in sense of self and a decline in perceived capability to ‘live well’. Compared to pre-pandemic data there were lower levels of pain, depression and anxiety, higher levels of optimism, and better satisfaction with family support. There was little impact on physical health, mood, social connections and relationships, or perceptions of neighbourhood characteristics. Conclusion Efforts to mitigate negative impacts of pandemic-related restrictions and restore quality of life could focus on reablement to address the effects on participation in everyday activities, creating opportunities for social contact to reduce loneliness, and personalised planning to reconnect people with their pre-COVID selves. Such efforts may build on the resilience demonstrated by people with dementia and carers in coping with the pandemic.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

Clare¹,

Martyr²,

Gamble³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Responses of people with dementia in our study were consistent with early reports indicating that people with dementia themselves were concerned about increased decline in abilities during lockdown [11,13,14]. While some decline would be expected over time, perceptions of accelerated cognitive decline are supported by studies of memory clinic samples that identified steeper trajectories of decline in MMSE scores during the pandemic [50,51]. Perceived decline in cognitive and functional abilities over and above what would normally be expected could be attributable to the effects of pandemic-related restrictive measures, including more social isolation, reduction in usual activities and loss of routine as well as increased carer stress [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

Clare¹,

Martyr²,

Gamble³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundNegative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia have been widely-documented, but most studies have relied on carer reports and few have compared responses to information collected before the pandemic.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on community-dwelling individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia and compare responses with pre-pandemic data.MethodsDuring the second wave of the pandemic we conducted structured telephone interviews with 173 people with dementia and 242 carers acting as informants, all of whom had previously participated in the IDEAL cohort. Where possible we benchmarked responses against pre-pandemic data.ResultsSignificant perceived negative impacts were identified in cognitive and functional skills and ability to engage in self-care and manage everyday activities, along with increased levels of loneliness and discontinuity in sense of self and a decline in perceived capability to ‘live well’. Compared to pre-pandemic data there were lower levels of pain, depression and anxiety, higher levels of optimism, and better satisfaction with family support. There was little impact on physical health, mood, social connections and relationships, or perceptions of neighbourhood characteristics.ConclusionEfforts to mitigate negative impacts of pandemic-related restrictions and restore quality of life could focus on reablement to address the effects on participation in everyday activities, creating opportunities for social contact to reduce loneliness, and personalised planning to reconnect people with their pre-COVID selves. Such efforts may build on the resilience demonstrated by people with dementia and carers in coping with the pandemic.

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“…It was observed that the most affected cognitive area was memory. As a result, in this study, it was concluded that cognitive functions decreased more rapidly during quarantine in patients with dementia and MCI compared to the pre-pandemic period [ 8 ]. In another study published in 2021, caregivers of MCI and dementia patients were evaluated with a questionnaire.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Dementia Patients Admission Rates and Dementia Characteristics Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Morkavuk¹,

Demirkol²,

Berber³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 2020. There have been significant changes in our lives due to the measures used to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dementia patients are one of the most vulnerable groups who have difficulties in adapting to this situation. Our study aimed to compare the admission rate to the hospital and dementia characteristics of dementia patients in the COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. MethodsDementia patients admitted to the neurology outpatient clinic during the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods were included in the study. In these two periods, age, gender, dementia type, stage, age of onset, mini-mental state examination, reason for admission, vitamin B12, vitamin D, folic acid levels, brain imaging, electroencephalogram results were analysed retrospectively. Dementia characteristics and vitamin levels were compared. ResultsTwo hundred and two dementia patients were included in the study. When the reasons for admission to the hospital were examined, the number of applications with the complaint of forgetfulness was highest in the pre-COVID period (53.1%); this rate was 37.8% in the COVID period. Also, 9.5% of patients were admitted for a drug prescription or medication report during the COVID period, while this rate was 1.6% in the pre-COVID period. Brain imaging was performed on 91 patients in the pre-COVID period, while 42 patients underwent imaging in the COVID period. ConclusionsAlthough this study was performed with a limited population, it indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic indirectly affects the clinical conditions of people living with dementia.

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Association of COVID-19 Pandemic and Rate of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-sectional Study

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

Comparison of Dementia Patients Admission Rates and Dementia Characteristics Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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