Association of Compensation From the Surgical and Medical Device Industry to Physicians and Self-declared Conflict of Interest

Ziai, Kasra; Pigazzi, Alessio; Smith, Brian R.; Nouri-Nikbakht, Roxana; Nepomuceno, Helene; Carmichael, Joseph C.; Mills, Steven; Stamos, Michael J.; Jafari, Mehraneh D.

doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2018.2576

Cited by 49 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…16 Studies that emphasise their 'objective' nature tend to inadvertently sanitise the implicit structural biases embedded in such claims, while also being largely correlational and ahistorical (Hall and Winlow 2015). In a broad sense, researchers are not truly independent if their own professional incentive structures (e.g., promotion and tenure, securing major contracts with the Colombian National Police) can be significantly conditioned by how grant-funded opportunities are intertwined with institutional interests (Loader and Sparks 2010;Schept et al 2015; see also Ornstein and Thomas 2018;Shelden and Brown 2000;Ziai et al 2018). These incentives can be particularly influential in studies that claim policy relevance.…”

Section: The Politics Of Crime Control In Colombiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Colombian National Police and the Politics of Crime Control Evaluations

León

2019

Int J for Crime, Justice & Social Democracy

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The Colombian National Police inaugurated a comprehensive operational model in 2010. Informed by evidence-based law enforcement models from the Global North, the MNVCC, or the National Quadrant Policing Model, integrates core features of procedural justice, hotspots, problem-oriented and community policing strategies. Just under a decade old, empirical assessments of the model’s impact vary in quality and availability. While the Colombian National Police presents the model as a successful intervention, there is little consensus on the degree to which the MNVCC has affected crime rates or perceptions of insecurity. The core purpose of this paper is to offer insight into the political factors that enable this contradictory narrative. Relying on privileged access to high-level administrators inside the Colombian National Police and other institutions, this study explains how structural features of official crime data—with political incentives specific to the Colombian context—provide the basis for contradicting claims surrounding the MNVCC’s impact.

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Section: The Politics Of Crime Control In Colombiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Colombian National Police and the Politics of Crime Control Evaluations

León

2019

Int J for Crime, Justice & Social Democracy

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“…Other aspects of research transparency promotion have been previously promoted, such as registration of the trial [ 5 ], adoption of the CONSORT statement [ 6 ], and declaration of conflict of interest (COI) [ 7 ]. However, transparent practices in the surgical community could be suboptimal, as suggested by the underreporting of COI [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research transparency promotion by surgical journals publishing randomised controlled trials: a survey

Lombard

Gasmi

Sulpice

et al. 2020

Trials

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Objective To describe surgical journals’ position statements on data-sharing policies (primary objective) and to describe key features of their research transparency promotion. Methods Only “SURGICAL” journals with an impact factor higher than 2 (Web of Science) were eligible for the study. They were included, if there were explicit instructions for clinical trial publication in the official instructions for authors (OIA) or if they had published randomised controlled trial (RCT) between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2018. The primary outcome was the existence of a data-sharing policy included in the instructions for authors. Data-sharing policies were grouped into 3 categories, inclusion of data-sharing policy mandatory, optional, or not available. Details on research transparency promotion were also collected, namely the existence of a “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement policy”, a conflict of interests (COIs) disclosure requirement, and a specific reference to reporting guidelines, such as CONSORT for RCT. Results Among the 87 surgical journals identified, 82 were included in the study: 67 (82%) had explicit instructions for RCT and the remaining 15 (18%) had published at least one RCT. The median impact factor was 2.98 [IQR = 2.48–3.77], and in 2016 and 2017, the journals published a median of 11.5 RCT [IQR = 5–20.75]. The OIA of four journals (5%) stated that the inclusion of a data-sharing statement was mandatory, optional in 45% (n = 37), and not included in 50% (n = 41). No association was found between journal characteristics and the existence of data-sharing policies (mandatory or optional). A “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement” was associated with International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) allusion or affiliation and higher impact factors. Journals with specific RCT instructions in their OIA and journals referenced on the ICMJE website more frequently mandated the use of CONSORT guidelines. Conclusion Research transparency promotion is still limited in surgical journals. Standardisation of journal requirements according to ICMJE guidelines could be a first step forward for research transparency promotion in surgery.

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“…However, transparent practices in the surgical community could be suboptimal, as suggested by the underreporting of COI [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research transparency promotion by surgical journals publishing randomised controlled trials: a survey

Lombard

Gasmi

Sulpice

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: To describe surgical journals’ position statements on data-sharing policies (primary objective) and to describe key features of their research transparency promotion.Methods: Only “SURGICAL” journals with an impact factor higher than 2 (Web of Science) were eligible for the study. They were included, if there were explicit instructions for clinical trial publication in the official instructions for authors, (OIA) and or if they had published randomized controlled trial (RCT) between 1st January 2016 and 31st December 2018. The primary outcome was the existence of a data-sharing policy included in the instructions for authors. Data sharing policies were grouped into 3 categories, inclusion of data sharing policy mandatory, optional or not available. Details on research transparency promotion were also collected, namely the existence of a “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement policy”; a conflict of interests (COIs) disclosure requirement and a specific reference to reporting guidelines, such as CONSORT for RCT. Results: Among the 87 surgical journals identified, 82 were included in the study: 67 (82%) had explicit instructions for RCT and the remaining 15 (18%) had published at least one RCT. The median impact factor was 2.98 [IQR=2.48-3.77] and in 2016 and 2017, the journals published a median of 11.5 RCT [IQR=5-20.75]. The OIA of four journals (5%) stated that the inclusion of a data sharing statement was mandatory, optional in 45% (n=37), and not included in 50% (n=41).No association was found between journal characteristics and the existence of data-sharing policies (mandatory or optional). A “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement” was associated with International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) allusion or affiliation and higher impact factors. Journals with specific RCT instructions in their OIA and journals referenced on the ICMJE website more frequently mandated the use of CONSORT guidelines. Conclusion: Research transparency promotion is still limited in surgical journals. Standardisation of journal requirements according to ICMJE guidelines could be a first step forward for research transparency promotion in surgery.

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Association of Compensation From the Surgical and Medical Device Industry to Physicians and Self-declared Conflict of Interest

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

The Colombian National Police and the Politics of Crime Control Evaluations

The Colombian National Police and the Politics of Crime Control Evaluations

Research transparency promotion by surgical journals publishing randomised controlled trials: a survey

Research transparency promotion by surgical journals publishing randomised controlled trials: a survey

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