Association of co-accumulation of arsenic and organophosphate insecticides with diabetes and atherosclerosis in a rural agricultural community: KMCH-NNCD-I study

Velmurugan, Ganesan; Swaminathan, Krishnan; Mohanraj, Sundaresan; Dhivakar, Mani; Veerasekar, Ganesh; Alexander, Thomas; Cherian, Mathew; Palaniswami, Nalla G; Pradeep, Thalappil

doi:10.1007/s00592-020-01516-6

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Unregulated pesticide and heavy metal use (from fertilizers) are two largely less explored areas that may have a huge relevance to cardiovascular disease in rural communities. We have published literature possibly linking heavy metals and pesticides with human diabetes in Nallampatti 16,17 and other villages 13,14,28 . There are mechanistic pathways linking exposure to organophosphate pesticides and hyperglycaemia by way of disruption of glucose metabolism and modulation of gut microbiota 27,28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variables included basic demographic details, lifestyle, disease history, medications, body weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and blood investigations (HbA 1c , non‐fasting lipid profile). The details of the study have been described previously 15‐17 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed questionnaire as described previously 15‐17 was administered to document the educational status, employment, alcohol intake, smoking status, pesticide exposure, family disease history and past medical history. About 5 ml of blood sample was collected and clinical measurements were done and based on medical history or standard cut‐off values, the disease end points were characterized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies from rural India indicated the huge burden of diabetes and its complications with association of environmental factors like heavy metals and pesticide exposure. 13‐18 However, it remains vital to understand disease patterns in different communities, as wide geographic variations in disease patterns are likely in a vast country like India. Such studies will have implications in redefining health policy specific to those regions and may also provide insights into novel pathophysiological mechanisms, as well as regional socio‐cultural factors that may be at play.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential risk factor profile of diabetes and atherosclerosis in rural, sub‐urban and urban regions of South India: The KMCH‐Non‐communicable disease studies

et al. 2020

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Aims South Asia has emerged rapidly as an epicentre of non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) specifically diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence rate, risk factors and aetiology of NCDs in different socio‐demographic settings are not clearly understood. This study was performed to assess the prevalence of diabetes and atherosclerosis and their risk factors in urban, sub‐urban and rural communities of South India. Methods Three communities [Nallampatti (rural), Thadagam (sub‐urban) and Kalapatti (urban)] in South India were selected for participation in the KMCH‐NCD Studies. Study volunteers were administered a detailed questionnaire, underwent anthropometric measurements, clinical measurements including blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), non‐fasting lipid profile and serum creatinine. Carotid intima‐media thickness was measured using B‐mode ultrasound. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to understand the association of risk factors with diabetes and atherosclerosis. Results A total of 2976 native participants, ≥20 years of age were screened. The prevalence of diabetes was 16%, 26% and 23% respectively in the rural, sub‐urban and urban study populations. Association of obesity with diabetes was observed in only urban population while hypertension and dyslipidaemia showed association in both urban and semi‐urban populations. Association of diabetes with atherosclerosis was observed in urban and semi‐urban populations. Hypertension in semi‐urban and obesity and dyslipidaemia in urban population showed association with atherosclerosis. Conclusions Diabetes and atherosclerosis burden reported in the three different communities were higher than previous reports, especially in rural and sub‐urban regions. No traditional risk factor is identified to be associated with prevalence of diabetes and atherosclerosis in rural population. These findings suggest an urgent need for investigation into the role of non‐traditional risk factors like environmental or occupational exposures may help to better understand the aetiology of diseases in non‐urbanized communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential risk factor profile of diabetes and atherosclerosis in rural, sub‐urban and urban regions of South India: The KMCH‐Non‐communicable disease studies

et al. 2020

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“…These agrochemicals have been further shown to have deleterious effects on human health as well as biodiversity (Lugowska 2018;Martyniuk et al 2020;Neves et al 2020;Ribeiro et al 2020;Velmurugan et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the many maps of the Xingu – an assessment of land cover classifications at multiple scales

Kalácska

Arroyo‐Mora

Lucanus

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Remote sensing is an invaluable tool to objectively illustrate the rapid decline in habitat extents worldwide. Over the years, diverse Earth Observation platforms have been used to generate land cover maps, each with its unique characteristics. In addition, considerable semantic differences between the definition of land cover classes results in inevitable differences in baseline estimates for each class (e.g. forest). Here we compare forest cover and surface water estimates over four time periods spanning three decades for the Xingu River basin, Brazil, from pre-existing remotely sensed classifications for this area based on both optical and radar data. Because forest health in this area is directly related with the health of the freshwater ecosystem, we illustrate potential impacts of map choice on conservation of fish fauna. Understanding differences between the many remotely sensed baselines is fundamentally important to avoid information misuse and objectively decide on the most appropriate dataset for each conservation or policy making question. Our findings demonstrate the importance of transparency in the generation of remotely sensed datasets and in the importance of users familiarizing themselves with the characteristics and limitations of each data set chosen.

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Letter to the Editors-in-Chief regarding Velmurugan et al.,—Association of co-accumulation of arsenic and organophosphate insecticides with diabetes and atherosclerosis in a rural agricultural community: KMCH-NNCD-I study

Barr

Jaacks

2020

Acta Diabetol

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Association of co-accumulation of arsenic and organophosphate insecticides with diabetes and atherosclerosis in a rural agricultural community: KMCH-NNCD-I study

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Differential risk factor profile of diabetes and atherosclerosis in rural, sub‐urban and urban regions of South India: The KMCH‐Non‐communicable disease studies

Differential risk factor profile of diabetes and atherosclerosis in rural, sub‐urban and urban regions of South India: The KMCH‐Non‐communicable disease studies

Deciphering the many maps of the Xingu – an assessment of land cover classifications at multiple scales

Letter to the Editors-in-Chief regarding Velmurugan et al.,—Association of co-accumulation of arsenic and organophosphate insecticides with diabetes and atherosclerosis in a rural agricultural community: KMCH-NNCD-I study

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