Association of Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index and Its Dynamic Change With Risk of Carotid Plaque in a Large Cohort in China

Abstract

Background We aimed to evaluate the association between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and its dynamic change and risk of carotid plaque based on a large Chinese cohort. Methods and Results This cohort included 23 522 participants aged 20 to 80 years without elevated carotid intima‐media thickness and carotid plaque at baseline and who received at least 2 health checkups. CVAI was calculated at baseline and at every checkup. The dynamic change in CVAI was calculated by subtracting CVAI at baseline from that at the last follow‐up. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. The restricted cubic spline was applied to model the dose‐response association between CVAI and carotid plaque risk. During the 82 621 person‐years of follow‐up, 5987 cases of carotid plaque developed (7.25/100 person‐years). We observed a significant positive correlation between CVAI and carotid plaque risk (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.48–1.59 [ P <0.001]) in a nonlinear dose‐response pattern ( P nonlinearity <0.001). The sensitivity analyses further confirmed the robustness of the results. The association was significant in all subgroup analyses stratified by sex, hypertension, and fatty liver disease except for the diabetes subgroup. The association between CVAI and carotid plaque risk was much higher in men than in women. No significant association was identified between change in CVAI and carotid plaque risk. Conclusions CVAI was positively associated with carotid plaque risk in a nonlinear dose‐response pattern in this study. Individuals should keep their CVAI within a normal level to prevent the development of carotid plaque.

Association of Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Steelworkers: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The optimal CVAI cutoff value for men and women were 83.7 and 70.8, respectively. Hu [ 45 ] also observed a significant association between CVAI and carotid plaque risk. Each increase in 1-SD in CVAI increased the risk of carotid plaque by 53% (HR 1.53, 95%CI 1.48–1.59).…”

Associations of Chinese visceral adiposity index and new-onset stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: an observational study

“…However, it also releases inflammatory cytokines and chemokine mediators that contribute to the formation of carotid plaques and elevate the likelihood of new-onset stroke [ 50 ]. According to a study by Bi et al [ 51 ], CVAI demonstrated a positive association with the propensity for carotid plaque development. As components of the CVAI formula, a previous large-scale prospective study discovered that WC was positively linked with the risk of subarachnoid and cerebral hemorrhages.…”

Association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…CVAI is a novel index calculated by a formula including age, BMI, WC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides levels to evaluate visceral obesity among the Chinese population ( 17 ). Several published studies have identified the optimal indicator for screening obesity-associated diseases, diabetic complications, and cardiovascular disease by comparing different anthropometric indices ( 16 , 25 , 27 – 29 ), which demonstrated that the CVAI was a reliable and optimal predictor. Similar results were observed in other published studies, which indicated that CVAI had superior performance for diagnosing DM than traditional parameters ( 18 , 30 ).…”