Association of childhood vaccination with pediatric lichen planus: A systematic review

Abstract

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic T-cell-mediated mucocutaneous inflammatory disease, largely recognized in adults. It is uncommon in children, and the literature present still lacks comprehensive understanding mainly due to underreporting of such cases. LP shows atypical clinical features, when seen in children, mainly affecting the flexor aspect of the wrists, legs, and the oral and genital mucosae. It is largely considered an autoimmune response of the body with various etiologic factors. Its association with vaccination is still an interesting field for research. The focus of the present systematic review was to discover the link of vaccine in the pathogenesis of juvenile LP. An electronic search was carried out using MEDLINE by PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases.Articles that reported LP in children with prior records for vaccination were selected for the present systematic review. Twenty-three published articles in the English language were included for the quantitative and qualitative syntheses. The demographic data, specific vaccine history, and clinical details of the lesions were recorded. The existing evidence supports that vaccines could play an important role in etiopathogenesis of pediatric LP.

Oral lichen planus in children: A systematic review

“…At present there are no systematic reviews in the literature on OLP in children, while reviews on Lichen planus (LP) in pediatric age have been performed; Specifically, a recent systematic review has identified all cases described in the literature of lichen Planus pigmentosum which would represent 2.8% of Children with LP without referring to oral manifestations( 18 - 20 ), and other reviews have focused on the role of vaccinations for hepatitis B in association with the onset of LP in pediatric age ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Onset of Oral Lichenoid Lesions and Oral Lichen Planus Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Analysis of about 300,000 Vaccinated Patients

“…The authors emphasized that protein S provides epitopes similar to keratinocytes, which might trigger an autoimmune response driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes [ 21 ]. Furthermore, hepatitis B and rabies vaccination were observed to be associated with pediatric LP [ 22 ]. Regarding COVID-19 vaccination, an associated onset of cutaneous LP was recently reported by Hiltun et al, Merhy et al, Piccolo et al, as well as Belina et al [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”