Association of C- Reactive Protein and HbA1c in the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

Abstract

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) are established risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the joint effects of these parameters on the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with ischemic heart disease.Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 668 patients of ischemic heart disease. CRP value were divided into normal (<6 mg/L), borderline (6-10 mg/L) and high (>10 mg/L) and HbA1c was divided <6.5% and ≥ 6.5%. After performing Coronary angiography the extent of disease was divided into insignificant CAD of (<50% stenosis), significant CAD considered as >50% stenosis and single vessel, double vessel, triple vessel CAD and normal coronaries.Results: Most (65.0%) of the patients belonged to age 41-60 years. The mean age was found 51.4±10.7 years. Majority (82.3%) of patients were male. Among risk factors, highest (40.0%) patients had hypertension followed by 209 (31.3%) diabetes mellitus and 204 (30.5%) smoker. The relationship of CRP with the whole spectrum of ischemic heart disease was found statistically significant (p<0.05). The relationship of HbA1c and CRP were significantly associated with the severity of coronary artery disease. At HbA1c e”6.5 percent, severe CAD (double vessel and triple vessel) were found higher in high CRP than normal and borderline CRP group.Conclusion: Inflammation, presented by CRP, and hyperglycemia, presented by HbA1c, jointly contributes to the cardiovascular risk of patients. Patients with high CRP and elevated HbA1c are associated with severe coronary artery diseases.Cardiovasc. j. 2018; 11(1): 53-58

The Relationship/Association of Triglyceride and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease: Is Triglyceride Really a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease?

“…These findings were similar to the previous studies. [11][12][13][14] In this study out ) had high TG level. Out of three groups most of the patients had high TG level.…”

High sensitivity C-reactive protein and glycated hemoglobin levels as dominant predictors of all-cause dementia: a nationwide population-based cohort study

“…Several studies have examined the combined impact of inflammation and glycated hemoglobin on subsequent adverse consequences, such as severity of coronary artery disease, [ 20 ] cardiovascular events, [ 21 ] progression of carotid atherosclerosis, [ 22 ] and hyperglycemia [ 39 ]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the causal association of the combined effect of hs-CRP and HbA1c simultaneously with cognitive decline, although their combined effect presented a significant but non-multiplicative effect with regard to ACD risk.…”

“…However, the damaging consequences of IR have different pathomechanisms in DM and AD [ 19 ]. Moreover, previous studies have shown the joint effect of inflammation and glycation on cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery diseases, [ 20 ] cardiovascular risks, [ 21 ] and advanced subclinical carotid atherosclerosis progression, [ 22 ] which share similar pathogenic features that contribute to cerebral white matter hyperintensities, atherogenesis, and focal dysregulation in cerebrovascular flow in the hippocampus, leading to cognitive decline [ 23 , 24 ]. However, there is still no evidence that illustrates the impact of the combination of inflammation and glycation on the risk of developing dementia.…”

Combined Effect of Inflammation and Hyperglycemia on Mild Cognitive Impairment and Associated Dietary Patterns in an Older Taiwanese Population

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the associations between a combination of inflammation and hyperglycemia and the related dietary patterns with cognitive dysfunction. Previous research only focused on the relationship between the combination of CRP and HbA1c with subsequent outcomes, such as carotid atherosclerosis progression (15), cardiovascular risk (16), severe coronary artery disease (17), and DM (27). Previous epidemiologic studies reported that hyperglycemia, diabetes status, and higher CRP levels were independently associated with the incidence of dementia (28,29).…”

“…Exploring the enhanced effects of both inflammation and glycation on the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) might provide clinically relevant insights. Previous studies have shown that the combined effects of HbA1c and hs-CRP are associated with advanced subclinical carotid atherosclerosis progression (15), cardiovascular risks (16), and coronary artery diseases (17). However, no studies have examined the association between the combined effect of glycated status and inflammation on the risk of cognitive dysfunction.…”