Association of Bilateral Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Difference with Peripheral Vascular Disease and Left Ventricular Mass Index

Abstract

Unequal arterial stiffness had been associated with cardiovascular risks. We investigated whether an association existed between unequal arterial stiffness indicated by bilateral brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) difference and ankle-brachial index (ABI), baPWV, echocardiographic parameters and interarm and interankle systolic blood pressure (BP) differences. A total of 1111 patients referred for echocardiographic examination were included in this study. The BPs, ABI and baPWV were measured simultaneously by an ABI-form device. The ΔbaPWV was defined as absolute value of difference between bilateral baPWV. We performed three multivariate analyses for determining the factors associated with a ΔbaPWV ≧ 185 cm/s (90 percentile of ΔbaPWV) (model 1: significant variables in univariate analysis and ABI <0.9 and baPWV; model 2: significant variables in univariate analysis and left ventricular mass index [LVMI]; model 3: significant variables in univariate analysis and interankle systolic BP difference ≧ 15 mmHg). The ABI <0.9 and high baPWV (both P<0.001) in model 1, high LVMI (P = 0.021) in model 2 and an interankle systolic BP difference ≧ 15 mmHg (P = 0.026) in model 3 were associated with a ΔbaPWV ≧ 185 cm/s, but the interarm systolic BP difference ≧ 10 mmHg was not (P = NS). Our study demonstrated ABI <0.9, high baPWV, high LVMI and an interankle systolic BP difference ≧ 15 mmHg were associated with unequal arterial stiffness.

Interankle Systolic Blood Pressure Difference Is a Marker of Prevalent Stroke in Chinese Adults: A Cross‐Sectional Study

“…Previous studies showed that ABI <0.9 could be used for the prediction of stroke . Therefore, an interankle SBP difference of 7 mm Hg was compared with ABI <0.9.…”

Predicting Stroke Outcomes Using Ankle-Brachial Index and Inter-Ankle Blood Pressure Difference

“…Because lower limbs are more prone to be affected by PAD than upper limbs, IAND could be a better predictor of PAD than IAD [26]. High IAND was associated with increased left ventricular mass index [27] and arterial stiffness [28] and also predicted mortality in the elderly people [3]. Similarly, large ABID provided the prognostic value for mortality in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis [5].…”

Prognostic Cardiovascular Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease

“…Hatsuda et al reported that arterial stiffness in different regions may affect CV disease differently, and that arterial stiffening did not occur uniformly in all arterial regions in patients with ischemic heart disease [103]. This imbalance in arterial stiffness has been associated with the risk of CV events, and an ABI < 0.9, high baPWV, and high LVMI have been independently associated with large differences in bilateral baPWV [104]. Furthermore, differences in bilateral baPWV have also been associated with an increased risk of CV and overall mortality in patients undergoing HD [105].…”