Abstract:Background: Patients with pelvic malignancies often receive radiosensitising chemotherapy with radiotherapy to improve survival; however, this is at the expense of increased normal tissue toxicity, particularly in elderly patients. Here, we explore if an alternative, low-cost, and non-toxic approach can achieve radiosensitisation in mice transplanted with human bladder cancer cells. Other investigators have shown slower growth of transplanted tumours in mice fed high-fibre diets. We hypothesised that mice fed … Show more
“…Mostly known as S24-7 [36], the Muribaculaceae family is one of the most dominant murine gut bacteria, known for its ability to degrade complex dietary carbohydrates [37]. Their abundance was shown to be decreased in obese mice [38] and significantly increased under high fiber [39]. In this experimental setting, Muribaculaceae were the most abundant in the Bean-based diet compared to the other groups, whereas in the pulse-free Control they were the least abundant.…”
The gut microbiome is involved in the host’s metabolism, development, and immunity, which translates to measurable impacts on disease risk and overall health. Emerging evidence supports pulses, i.e., grain legumes, as underutilized nutrient-dense, culinarily versatile, and sustainable staple foods that promote health benefits through modulating the gut microbiota. Herein, the effects of pulse consumption on microbial composition in the cecal content of mice were assessed. Male mice were fed an obesogenic diet formulation with or without 35% of the protein component comprised by each of four commonly consumed pulses—lentil (Lens culinaris L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), or dry pea (Pisum sativum L.). Mice consuming pulses had distinct microbial communities from animals on the pulse-free diet, as evidenced by β-diversity ordinations. At the phylum level, animals consuming pulses showed an increase in Bacteroidetes and decreases in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Furthermore, α-diversity was significantly higher in pulse-fed animals. An ecosystem of the common bacteria that were enhanced, suppressed, or unaffected by most of the pulses was identified. These compositional changes are accompanied by shifts in predicted metagenome functions and are concurrent with previously reported anti-obesogenic physiologic outcomes, suggestive of microbiota-associated benefits of pulse consumption.
“…Mostly known as S24-7 [36], the Muribaculaceae family is one of the most dominant murine gut bacteria, known for its ability to degrade complex dietary carbohydrates [37]. Their abundance was shown to be decreased in obese mice [38] and significantly increased under high fiber [39]. In this experimental setting, Muribaculaceae were the most abundant in the Bean-based diet compared to the other groups, whereas in the pulse-free Control they were the least abundant.…”
The gut microbiome is involved in the host’s metabolism, development, and immunity, which translates to measurable impacts on disease risk and overall health. Emerging evidence supports pulses, i.e., grain legumes, as underutilized nutrient-dense, culinarily versatile, and sustainable staple foods that promote health benefits through modulating the gut microbiota. Herein, the effects of pulse consumption on microbial composition in the cecal content of mice were assessed. Male mice were fed an obesogenic diet formulation with or without 35% of the protein component comprised by each of four commonly consumed pulses—lentil (Lens culinaris L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), or dry pea (Pisum sativum L.). Mice consuming pulses had distinct microbial communities from animals on the pulse-free diet, as evidenced by β-diversity ordinations. At the phylum level, animals consuming pulses showed an increase in Bacteroidetes and decreases in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Furthermore, α-diversity was significantly higher in pulse-fed animals. An ecosystem of the common bacteria that were enhanced, suppressed, or unaffected by most of the pulses was identified. These compositional changes are accompanied by shifts in predicted metagenome functions and are concurrent with previously reported anti-obesogenic physiologic outcomes, suggestive of microbiota-associated benefits of pulse consumption.
“…Characteristic changes in the structure of the gut microbiota after radiation (such as Bacteroides) can serve to predict radiation injury (140). Meanwhile, interference of gut microbiota may lessen radiation toxicity (141).…”
Radiotherapy is one of the main therapeutic methods for treating cancer. The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gallbladder). The digestive system is easily impaired during radiotherapy, especially in thoracic and abdominal radiotherapy. In this review, we introduce the physical classification, basic pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, predictive/diagnostic factors, and possible treatment targets of radiotherapy-induced digestive injury. Radiotherapy-induced digestive injury complies with the dose-volume effect and has a radiation-based organ correlation. Computed tomography (CT), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), ultrasound (US) and endoscopy can help diagnose and evaluate the radiation-induced lesion level. The latest treatment approaches include improvement in radiotherapy (such as shielding, hydrogel spacers and dose distribution), stem cell transplantation and drug administration. Gut microbiota modulation may become a novel approach to relieving radiogenic gastrointestinal syndrome. Finally, we summarized the possible mechanisms involved in treatment, but they remain varied. Radionuclide-labeled targeting molecules (RLTMs) are promising for more precise radiotherapy. These advances contribute to our understanding of the assessment and treatment of radiation-induced digestive injury.
“…Following publication of the original article [ 1 ], it has been brought to the authors’ attention that after 16S sequencing of the v1-8 region, the bacterium which we originally believed to be F. prausnitzii (a butyrate-producer) in our penultimate figure, Fig. 5k and Additional file 1: Figure S5B, was in fact L. plantarum (a lactate-producer).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The correct Figs. 5 and S5 and their caption have been included below and the fully corrected version of Additional file 1 is attached to this Author Correction, and the original article [ 1 ] has been corrected. Fig.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, some sentences in the original article’s main text need to be corrected. The affected text has been highlighted in bold typeface , and the original article [ 1 ] has been corrected.…”
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