Association of arterial stiffness with incident atrial fibrillation: a cohort study

Abstract

Background Stiff arteries increase left ventricular (LV) end-systolic workload, leading over time to left atrial and ventricular remodeling, and providing the substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF) development. We investigated if carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of central arterial stiffness, is associated with incident AF. Methods In 2011–2013, cfPWV was measured in 3882 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Cohort Study (ARIC) without prevalent AF. Participants were followed through 2017 for the incidence of AF. Individuals were categorized in cfPWV quartiles based on visit measurements. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association of cfPWV with incident AF. Results Mean age was 75 years (SD 5), 60% were female and 20% were African American. Over a median follow-up of 5.5 years we identified 331 incident cases of AF. cfPWV demonstrated U-shaped associations with AF risk. In models adjusted for age, race, center, sex, education levels, and hemodynamic and clinical factors, hazard ratios (HR) of AF for participants in the first, third and fourth quartiles were 1.49 (95% CI 1.06, 2.10), 1.59 (1.14, 2.10), and 1.56(1.10, 2.19), respectively, compared to those in the second quartile. Conclusion Among community-dwelling older adults, low and high central arterial stiffness is associated with AF risk.

Arterial stiffness and atrial fibrillation: shared mechanisms, clinical implications and therapeutic options

“…It thus depends on the PWV over a route including the ascending aorta, a part of the subclavian artery, and the brachial arteries. Similarly, Almuwaqqat et al [7], analyzing a large community-based prospective cohort of 3882 patients, found that AS was independently associated with incident AF in a U-shaped manner. Both high and low values of carotid-femoral PWV were associated with high risk of AF development.…”

“…AF is the most common sustained arrhythmia in adults, being associated with increased morbidity and mortality [6]. Growing evidence shows that patients with AS are at high risk of developing AF [7] and how AS is correlated to AF, because of common etiological mechanisms (i.e. hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney disease and ageing) and shared temporal association patterns [1,[8][9][10].…”

Assessments of Perfusion, Blood Flow, and Vascular Structure in Ambulatory Subjects: Guidance for Translational Research Scientists

“…It is noted that the expected standard-of-practice is that reported PWV measurements are actually the average of two consecutive measurements or the median of three consecutive measurements if the difference between the first two exceeds 0.5 m/s [63]. [340,350,318,341,319,352,321,338,342,345,354,343,160,355,346,323,357,348,358,359,333,360,169,329,361,330,339,362,335,336,363,364] Peripheral arterial vasculature 16 [365, 349, 344, 351, 347, 337, 353, 322, 356, 324-327, 334, 328, 331] Carotid artery 2 [320,125] Aspect of vasculature assessed Arterial stiffness 49 [349, 340, 332, 350, 318, 344, 341, 351, 347, 319, 320, 352, 321, 337, 338, 353, 342, 322, 345, 354, 343, 160, 355, 346, 356, 125, 323, 324, 357, 348, 358, 325-327, 359, 333, 334, 360, 328, 169, 329, 361, 330, 339, 362, 335, 336, 363, 331, 364] Blood pressure 1 [349] Technique SphygmoCor device 12 [340,341,320,352,…”

“…VP-1000 Plus vascular screening device 2 [356,323] VaSera VS-1500 vascular screening system 1 [353] BOSO-ABI System 100 device 1 [359] BP-203RPEIII networked arterial stiffness detection device 1 [331] Mylab90 device 1 [125] Estimated PWV using age and mean blood pressure 1 [326] Omron Colin device 1 [325] Volume plethysmography device 1 [322] SOMNOscreen plus device 1 [349] DOI: 10.1159/000527765…”

Estimation of the composition ratio of two contents filled in an elastic thin tube through laser-diode-based photoacoustic measurements

“…Arteriosclerotic diseases have been increasing in recent years, and as progress, they are more likely to cause myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction. [1][2][3] Although several diagnostic methods have been studied for relatively large blood vessels, hardening also occurs in small blood vessels. Micro arteriosclerosis in the brain and kidneys occurs in arteries with a diameter of 0.5 to 1 mm.…”