Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene 2350G>A Polymorphism With Myocardial Infarction in a Chinese Population

Abstract

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene 2350G>A polymorphism has the most significant effect on plasma ACE concentrations. But the association between this polymorphism and myocardial infarction (MI) is presently unknown. We carried out a case-control study in the Chinese Han population. ACE2350G>A genotypes of 231 patients with MI and 288 healthy controls were detected by PCR-RFLP. Differences in frequencies of ACE genotypes and alleles and their associations with clinical features were assessed. The distribution of the ACE2350G>A genotypes (GG, GA, and AA) was 20.78%, 51.08%, and 28.14% in the MI group and 31.60%, 46.53%, and 21.87% in controls, respectively (P = .0167).The frequency of the A allele in the MI group was significantly higher than that in controls (53.68% vs 45.14%, P = .0062). The A allele carriers (GA + AA genotypes) had approximately 2-fold increased risk of MI when compared with the GG genotype (odds ratio = 1.76; 95% confidence interval = 1.24-3.52). There were no significant differences among the 3 genotypes in plasma levels of lipids, apolipoproteins, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and soluble CD40 ligand in either the MI group or the control group (P > .05). No statistical difference was observed between ACE2350G>A polymorphism and severity of the coronary lesions (P > .05). These results suggest that ACE2350G>A polymorphism is associated with acute MI, and A allele carrier is an independent risk factor for acute MI in the Chinese Han population.

Interleukin 6 Promoter Polymorphisms in Normal Han Chinese Population: Frequencies and Effects on Inflammatory Markers

“…Measurements of high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs) were performed as described previously. 31 Interleukin 6 was measured by a high-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assay from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN).…”

Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene 2350 G/A polymorphism and susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in Han Chinese patients with essential hypertension

“…Previous case-control studies have shown that the frequency of the A allele in Chinese healthy controls is 0.417-0.451 (19,23,24). The A allele frequency in Chinese subjects was significantly greater ( p <0.05) than those in a Pakistani population (0.298) (34) and a Malaysian cohort (0.207) (35) but lower ( p <0.05) than those in a European sample (0.513–0.542) (36) and an Iranian sample (0.591) (37).…”

“…The samples were then centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 30 minutes at 4°C and immediately stored at -80°C until analysis. The measurement of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) was performed as described previously (7,19). …”

“…The determination of the ACE 2350 G/A genotypes was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis, as described previously (19,23,24). …”

“…This polymorphism is likely in strong linkage disequilibrium with another functional mutation within the gene (19). Recently, a genome-scan analysis by the Framingham Heart Study found strong evidence for a quantitative-trait locus on chromosome 17 that was close to the ACE gene (20).…”