Association of an Active Surveillance and Decolonization Program on Incidence of Clinical Cultures Growing Staphylococcus aureus in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Voskertchian, Annie; Akinboyo, Ibukunoluwa; Colantuoni, Elizabeth; Johnson, Julia; Milstone, Aaron M.

doi:10.1017/ice.2018.81

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections in hospitalized infants [1]. Asymptomatic colonization of the anterior nares, the primary anatomic niche for S. aureus , is an important precursor for S. aureus disease [2]. Many neonates become colonized by S. aureus shortly after birth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between the Developing Nasal Microbiota of Hospitalized Neonates and Staphylococcus aureus Colonization

Khamash

Mongodin

White

et al. 2019

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background Hospitalized neonates are at high risk for invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections. S. aureus nasal colonization often precedes infection. The nasal microbiota may preclude or support colonization. We aimed to characterize and compare the nasal microbiota of hospitalized neonates who acquire S. aureus colonization (cases) and those who do not acquire S. aureus (controls). Methods We obtained residual nares samples from hospitalized neonates who were screened weekly for S. aureus nasal colonization and treated with intranasal mupirocin if colonized. Eight cases were matched based on chronologic age and systemic antibiotic exposure to 7 controls. We extracted DNA, sequenced the V3-V4 region of the 16s rRNA gene, and performed taxonomic assignments. The bacterial species richness, relative abundance, and in silico predicted gene content were compared between cases and controls at 7 days before S. aureus acquisition, at the time of acquisition, and 7 days after acquisition and treatment. Results Common commensals including nondiphtheriae corynebacteria were more abundant in the nares of controls and Rothia mucilaginosa was more abundant in cases 7 days after intranasal mupirocin treatment than in cases 7 days before S. aureus acquisition. Controls and treated cases had a higher predicted abundance of genes contributing to the synthesis of certain antimicrobial compounds than in cases before S. aureus acquisition. Conclusions Neonates without S. aureus nasal colonization had a higher abundance of bacterial species that antagonize S. aureus directly or by selecting for beneficial co-colonizers. These differences may inform novel S. aureus infection prevention strategies in high-risk infants.

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confidence: 99%

The Association Between the Developing Nasal Microbiota of Hospitalized Neonates and Staphylococcus aureus Colonization

Khamash

Mongodin

White

et al. 2019

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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“…Mupirocin applied to the nares combined with the use of chlorhexidine baths (relevant to gestational, >36 0/7 weeks and chronological age, > 4 weeks old) have shown promising reductions in MRSA, 80 , 81 as well as MSSA colonization and infections. 82 Both parents and care providers can contribute to the spread of SA. Recently, Milstone et al, conducted a clinical trial randomizing parents of MRSA colonized neonates to either receive mupirocin and chlorhexidine cloths or placebo.…”

Section: Late Onset Sepsis (Los)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection prevention for extremely low birth weight infants in the NICU

Fleiss

Tarun

Polin

2022

Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine

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“…Limited data exist on the use of active MSSA surveillance or contact precautions to prevent infections in the NICU. 28,29 Some prospective data show success with routine surveillance of new admissions followed by decolonization with nasal mupirocin to reduce invasive disease. 30 Whether environmental contamination contributes to S. aureus acquisition in the NICU remains unclear.…”

Section: Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data showing efficacy and safety of S. aureus decolonization to reduce infection risk are primarily available from observational studies and a recent randomized trial that was not powered to detect a reduction in S. aureus infections. 6,29,30,[35][36][37] Even though decolonization has included treatment with topical antibiotics, topical antiseptics, and rarely, systemic antimicrobials, intranasal mupirocin alone is most commonly used. Intranasal mupirocin is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for this indication in neonates, yet numerous studies reporting the use of mupirocin for S. aureus decolonization have not identified any clinically relevant adverse effects.…”

Section: Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SHEA neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) white paper series: Practical approaches to Staphylococcus aureus disease prevention

Akinboyo¹,

Zangwill²,

Berg³

et al. 2020

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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Association of an Active Surveillance and Decolonization Program on Incidence of Clinical Cultures Growing Staphylococcus aureus in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

The Association Between the Developing Nasal Microbiota of Hospitalized Neonates and Staphylococcus aureus Colonization

The Association Between the Developing Nasal Microbiota of Hospitalized Neonates and Staphylococcus aureus Colonization

Infection prevention for extremely low birth weight infants in the NICU

SHEA neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) white paper series: Practical approaches to Staphylococcus aureus disease prevention

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