Association of alcohol use disorder on alcohol‐related cancers, diabetes, ischemic heart disease and death: a population‐based, matched cohort study

Abstract

Background and aims High‐risk alcohol consumption is associated with compromised health. This study aimed to compare the incidence of alcohol‐related cancers, diabetes, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and mortality between those with and without an indication of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Design Retrospective, population‐based, matched cohort study using data from the Manitoba Population Research Data Repository. Rates were modeled using generalized linear models with either negative binomial distribution or Poisson distribution and a log offset of person‐years to account for each person's time to follow‐up. Setting Manitoba, Canada. Participants Individuals aged ≥ 12 years with a first indication of AUD (index date) between 1 April 1990 and 31 March 2015 were matched to five controls based on age, sex and geographical region at index. This study included 53 410 individuals with AUD and 264 857 matched controls. Measurements Adjusted rate ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined for each outcome from 5 years prior to and 20 years after AUD detection. Findings Alcohol‐related cancers (aRR = 4.85, 95% CI = 3.88–6.07 and aRR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.35–2.53 for men and women, respectively), diabetes (aRR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.50–2.02 and aRR = 2.43, 95% CI = 2.20–2.68) and IHD (aRR = 3.59, 95% CI = 3.31–3.90 and aRR = 2.92, 95% CI = 2.50–3.41) peaked in the 1 year prior to index for those with AUD compared with matched controls. All‐cause mortality (aRR = 3.31, 95% CI = 3.09–3.55 and aRR =3.61, 95% CI = 3.21–4.04) was highest in the year of index and remained higher among cases compared with controls throughout the 20‐year follow‐up. Conclusion People with alcohol use disorder appear to have higher rates of adverse health outcomes in the year before alcohol use disorder recognition, and death at the time of alcohol use disorder recognition, compared with matched controls.

Interactions between the metabolic syndrome and alcohol consumption increases the risk of liver disease

“…A high chronic consumption of alcohol is associated with increased insulin resistance and the development of T2DM 58 . People with an alcohol use disorder (AUD) have a higher risk of T2DM compared with people in the general population 59 . This is most likely due to the progression of insulin resistance seen in patients with ALD, where the insulin resistance is more severe in more advanced stages of fibrosis 27 (Table 1).…”

Alkol Bağımlı Sıçanlarda Akamprosat Tedavisinin Kalp Kasılması Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

“…Chronic use of alcohol causes adverse effects on many organs and systems. One of these systems is the heart and circulatory system (27). Chronic ethanol use leads to impairment of the functions of the sarcolemma membrane, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and contractile proteins and it causes cardiac contraction and deterioration of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (27)(28).…”

“…One of these systems is the heart and circulatory system (27). Chronic ethanol use leads to impairment of the functions of the sarcolemma membrane, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and contractile proteins and it causes cardiac contraction and deterioration of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (27)(28). In addition, ethanol metabolites such as acetate and acetaldehyde have toxic effects on myocardial functions (29).…”

Alcohol use disorder relapse factors: an exploratory investigation of craving, alcohol dependence severity, and meaning in life

“…Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly prevalent (Grant et al 2015(Grant et al , 2017Rehm et al 2015), and accountable for substantial morbidity and mortality (Rehm et al 2017;Griswold et al, 2018;Leong et al 2022). Most individuals with AUD do not seek treatment (Tuithof et al 2016), and a majority of people with AUD recover without any formal treatment (Cutler and Fishbain 2005;Cohen et al 2007;Grant et al 2015;Fan et al 2019;Tucker et al 2020).…”