Association of Alcohol Types, Coffee, and Tea Intake with Risk of Dementia: Prospective Cohort Study of UK Biobank Participants

Schaefer, Sylva M; Kaiser, Anna; Behrendt, Inken; Eichner, Gerrit; Faßhauer, Mathias

doi:10.3390/brainsci12030360

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…We initially explored the exposure-response relationships between greenness exposure and hypertension incidence by using Cox proportional hazards regression models of penalized splines with different degrees of freedom after adjusting for covariates [30]. In this study, based on the minimum Akaike information criterion (AIC) value, we set the degrees of freedom as 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this analysis, the residential units of the participants were included as a random effect [31]. The models were fitted after stratifying the data according to the greenness exposure change points (i.e., 0.30 for NDVI; 0.21 for EVI), which were critically extracted from the shapes of the exposure-response curves [30]. The crude model only included NDVI/EVI (Model 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of greenness exposure on hypertension incidence among Chinese oldest-old: a prospective cohort study

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2022

Environ Health

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Background Although the oldest-old (those aged over 80 years) are vulnerable to environmental factors and have the highest prevalence of hypertension, studies focusing on greenness exposure and the development of hypertension among them are insufficient. The aim of this study was to explore the association between residential greenness and hypertension in the oldest-old population. Methods This cohort study included data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The oldest-old were free of hypertension at baseline (2008), and hypertension events were assessed by follow-up surveys in 2011, 2014, and 2018. The one-year averages of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) at 500-m buffer before the interview year of incident hypertension or last censoring interview were collected at the level of 652 residential units (district or county). The linear or nonlinear association between greenness and hypertension incidence was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model with penalized splines. The linear links between greenness and hypertension incidence were determined using the Cox proportional hazards model included a random effect term. Results Among 5253 participants, the incidence rate of hypertension was 7.25 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.83–7.67) per 100 person-years. We found a nonlinear association between greenness exposure and hypertension risk, and the exposure-response curve showed that 1 change point existed. We examined the linear effect of greenness on hypertension by categorizing the NDVI/EVI into low and high-level exposure areas according to the change point. We found more notable protective effects of each 0.1-unit increase in greenness on hypertension incidence for participants living in the high-level greenness areas (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.53–0.70 for NDVI; HR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.37–0.57 for EVI). In contrast, no significant influence of greenness exposure on hypertension risk was found for participants living in the low-level greenness areas (HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.38–1.55 for NDVI; HR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.33–1.63 for EVI). Conclusions Greenness exposure is nonlinearly associated with hypertension risk among the oldest-old, presenting its relationship in an inverse “U-shaped” curve. Greenness is a protective factor that decreases the risk of hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of greenness exposure on hypertension incidence among Chinese oldest-old: a prospective cohort study

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2022

Environ Health

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“…All data were analysed with R version 4.0.5 [ 34 ] as described recently [ 35 , 36 ]. The hazard ratios (HR) for incident depression were assessed with Cox proportional hazard regression multivariate nutrient density models [ 32 ] including %E intake of sugar from different sources and energy intake as penalized cubic splines with their degrees of freedom set to 4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of sugar intake from different sources with incident depression in the prospective cohort of UK Biobank participants

et al. 2022

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Purpose To elucidate the association of different sources of free sugars (FS) and intrinsic sugars with depression risk in the prospective population-based UK Biobank cohort. Methods Sugar consumption was assessed in 188,426 participants (age range: 39–72 years, 54.4% female) with at least one web-based dietary questionnaire (Oxford WebQ). The hazard ratios (HR) for incident depression were assessed with Cox proportional hazard regression models including sugar intake from different sources as penalized cubic splines to allow non-linear predictor effects. Over a mean follow-up of 12.3 (standard deviation 1.8) years, 5410 incident depression cases occurred. Results FS intake was significantly associated with depression risk in an ascending approximately linear way with the lowest HR observed at 9% total energy (%E). In contrast, consumption of intrinsic sugars was not significantly related with incident depression. FS in beverages were significantly associated with depression risk in an ascending approximately linear way with the lowest HR at 4%E whereas no association was found for FS in solids. Concerning beverage types, FS in soda/fruit drinks, milk-based drinks, and tea/coffee were significantly and positively related to depression risk whereas the association was U-shaped for juice. Major findings were robust in sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Only some sources of FS are positively associated with incident depression. Public health initiatives targeting FS subtypes might be most effective concerning depression risk if focused on the reduction of sugary beverages and more specifically soda/fruit drinks, milk-based drinks, and tea/coffee.

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“…35 Second, the type of alcoholic beverage was not considered in our study. 36,37 Third, our study participants were limited to health screening participants, who might be healthier and more engaged in a healthy lifestyle than the general population. 38 Fourth, although our models were adjusted for various potential confounders, unmeasured confounders, including genetic ones (eg, APOE), 5,9 might still distort the results.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Dementia in a Nationwide Cohort in South Korea

et al. 2023

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ImportanceThe impact of serial changes in alcohol consumption on dementia risk has rarely been investigated to date.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of comprehensive patterns of changes in alcohol consumption with the incidence of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a retrospective cohort study. Data were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Adults aged 40 years and older underwent 2 health examinations in 2009 and 2011. The cohort was assessed until December 31, 2018, and statistical analysis was performed in December 2021.ExposuresAlcohol consumption level was categorized into none (0 g per day), mild (&lt;15 g per day), moderate (15-29.9 g per day), and heavy (≥30 g per day) drinking. On the basis of changes in alcohol consumption level from 2009 to 2011, participants were categorized into the following groups: nondrinker, quitter, reducer, sustainer, and increaser.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was newly diagnosed AD, VaD, or other dementia.ResultsAmong 3 933 382 participants (mean [SD] age, 55.0 [9.6] years; 2 037 948 men [51.8%]), during a mean (SD) follow-up of 6.3 (0.7) years, there were 100 282 cases of all-cause dementia, 79 982 cases of AD, and 11 085 cases of VaD. Compared with sustained nondrinking, sustained mild (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.77-0.81) and moderate (aHR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.79-0.88) drinking were associated with a decreased risk of all-cause dementia, whereas sustained heavy drinking was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (aHR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.12). Compared with sustained levels of drinking, reducing alcohol consumption from a heavy to a moderate level (aHR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86-0.99) and the initiation of mild alcohol consumption (aHR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90-0.96) were associated with a decreased risk of all-cause dementia. Increasers and quitters exhibited an increased risk of all-cause dementia compared with sustainers. The trends in AD and VaD remained consistent.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of a Korean population, decreased risk of dementia was associated with maintaining mild to moderate alcohol consumption, reducing alcohol consumption from a heavy to a moderate level, and the initiation of mild alcohol consumption, suggesting that the threshold of alcohol consumption for dementia risk reduction is low.

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Association of Alcohol Types, Coffee, and Tea Intake with Risk of Dementia: Prospective Cohort Study of UK Biobank Participants

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

The effects of greenness exposure on hypertension incidence among Chinese oldest-old: a prospective cohort study

The effects of greenness exposure on hypertension incidence among Chinese oldest-old: a prospective cohort study

Association of sugar intake from different sources with incident depression in the prospective cohort of UK Biobank participants

Changes in Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Dementia in a Nationwide Cohort in South Korea

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