Association of 25(OH)D3 with outcomes in renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Urachal carcinoma is a rare entity that represents a small fraction (less than 0.5%) of primary bladder cancer. Although standard therapy for urachal carcinoma is not established, platinum-based chemotherapy is commonly used in clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate feasibility of S-1 plus cisplatin combination chemotherapy (SP) in patients with urachal carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with urachal carcinoma who received SP (S-1 40-60 mg twice daily for 21 days plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 8, every 5 weeks) at our institution from April 2008 to March 2017 was performed. Combination therapy was continued up to 8 cycles. Following S-1 monotherapy was applied to some cases. Results: Seven of 12 patients with urachal carcinoma received SP chemotherapy. Six males and one female, and the median age was 54 (range: 49-68). Symptoms at initially diagnosed were as follows; macroscopic hematuria (n ¼ 4), stomach bloating (n ¼ 1), back pain (n ¼ 1) and no symptom (n ¼ 1; pulmonary metastases were detected on health checkup). SP was performed as adjuvant chemotherapy in 3 cases and as treatment for metastatic disease in 4 cases. Locations of metastatic organ were as follows; lung (3 cases), bone (3 cases), peritoneum (3 cases) and pleura (1 case; overlapping data). Median follow-up was 147 days (range: 10-1197) and median number of course was 4 (range: 1-8). Median duration of treatment was 147 days (range: 12-361). Reasons for discontinuation of treatment were as follows; progressive disease (n ¼ 2), adverse events (n ¼ 2), and treatment complete (n ¼ 1). Two patients are under treatment. Most common adverse events were neutropenia (Grade 2/1: 1/1 cases), anemia (Grade 3/2/1: 1/1/1 cases), appetite loss (Grade 3/2/1: 1/1/1 cases), general malaise (Grade 2/1: 1/1 cases), diarrhea (Grade 3: 2 cases) and pigmentation (Grade 1: 2 cases). One death from acute coronary syndrome occurred and was suspected to be treatmentrelated. Short-term efficacy evaluation of 4 metastatic patients were stable disease for 3 patients and progressive disease for 1 patient. Conclusions: Adverse events of SP were similar to those reported previously. The evaluation for long-term efficacy of SP for patients with urachal carcinoma was warranted.