Association between xerostomia, oral and general health, and obesity in adults. A cross-sectional pilot study

Pérez-González, Alberto; Ja, Suárez-Quintanilla; Rey, Eva Otero; Carrión, Andrés Blanco; Fj, Gómez-García; Gándara-Vila, P; Martín-Biedma, B; Mario, Pérez-Sayáns

doi:10.4317/medoral.24731

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This difference may be because the inclusion and exclusion criterion of studies was not the same. Older age was a risk factor for xerostomia in many patients [ 47 , 48 ]. This provide evidence to the results in our study, which identified that the risk of age was associated with the occurrence of xerostomia in locoregionally advanced NPC patients receiving radical radiotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prediction model for xerostomia in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving radical radiotherapy

Zhang

Zha

et al. 2022

BMC Oral Health

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Background This study was to evaluate the predictors of xerostomia and Grade 3 xerostomia in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving radical radiotherapy and establish prediction models for xerostomia and Grade 3 xerostomia based on the predictors. Methods Totally, 365 patients with locoregionally advanced NPC who underwent radical radiotherapy were randomly divided into the training set (n = 255) and the testing set (n = 110) at a ratio of 7:3. All variables were included in the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to screen out the potential predictors for xerostomia as well as the Grade 3 xerostomia in locoregionally advanced NPC patients receiving radical radiotherapy. The random forest (RF), a decision tree classifier (DTC), and extreme-gradient boosting (XGB) models were constructed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy were analyzed to evaluate the predictive performance of the models. Results In the RF model for predicting xerostomia, the sensitivity was 1.000 (95%CI 1.000–1.000), the PPV was 0.990 (95%CI 0.975–1.000), the NPV was 1.000 (95%CI 1.000–1.000), the AUC was 0.999 (95%CI 0.997–1.000) and the accuracy was 0.992 (95%CI 0.981–1.000) in the training set. The sensitivity was 0.933 (95%CI 0.880–0.985), the PPV was 0.933 (95%CI 0.880–0.985), and the AUC was 0.915 (95%CI 0.860–0.970) in the testing set. Hypertension, age, total radiotherapy dose, dose at 50% of the left parotid volume, mean dose to right parotid gland, mean dose to oral cavity, and course of induction chemotherapy were important variables associated with the risk of xerostomia in locoregionally advanced NPC patients receiving radical radiotherapy. The AUC of DTC model for predicting xerostomia was 0.769 (95%CI 0.666–0.872) in the testing set. The AUC of the XGB model for predicting xerostomia was 0.834 (0.753–0.916) in the testing set. The RF model showed the good predictive ability with the AUC of 0.986 (95%CI 0.972–1.000) in the training set, and 0.766 (95%CI 0.626–0.905) in the testing set for identifying patients who at high risk of Grade 3 xerostomia in those with high risk of xerostomia. Conclusions An RF model for predicting xerostomia in locoregionally advanced NPC patients receiving radical radiotherapy and an RF model for predicting Grade 3 xerostomia in those with high risk of xerostomia showed good predictive ability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prediction model for xerostomia in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving radical radiotherapy

Zhang

Zha

et al. 2022

BMC Oral Health

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“…The term xerostomia describes the subjective sensation of oral dryness, which is frequently, but not always, caused by an actual salivary gland dysfunction with ensuing decrease in saliva flow (hyposalivation). In the latter case, the aetiology is multifactorial; in most patients, xerostomia is a drug-induced condition while, less frequently, it may be associated with systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, Sjögren’s syndrome, sarcoidosis, human immunodeficiency virus-infection etc., as well as with head and neck radiation [ 6 , 7 ]. However, xerostomia due to a congenital lack of salivary glands is very rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aplasia of the Major and Minor Salivary Glands: Report of a Rare Case

Papadopoulou¹,

Piperi²,

Georgaki³

et al. 2022

JOMR

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Background: Aplasia of the salivary glands, either partial or involving all the major and possibly the minor salivary glands, is a very rare cause of hyposalivation. The aim of this case report is to present a case of aplasia of the major and minor salivary glands and discuss the relevant literature. Methods: A 23-year-old woman, with a non-contributory medical and family history was referred due to rampant caries, that could not be attributed to any obvious aetiology. No sicca symptoms, previous parotid gland swelling or general symptoms were reported. Clinically, oral mucosa dryness and extended dental erosions and caries were observed, while the orifices of the excretory ducts of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were not evident. Unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rates were severely diminished, while a diagnostic biopsy of the lower lip revealed absence of minor salivary glands. Detailed hematologic and immunological investigations to exclude systemic disorders were also within normal limits. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the absence of all major salivary glands, confirming the clinical diagnosis of congenital aplasia of the salivary glands. Results: Oral hygiene instructions and dietary advice were given while dental products with fluoride and saliva substitutes were administered and appropriate dental treatment was implemented. Regular dental follow-up was also advised. Conclusions: Timely diagnosis of aplasia of the salivary glands is important, considering the detrimental effects of the absence of saliva on oral health. Management consists of the use of saliva substitutes, nutritional adaptation, maintenance of oral health and regular dental follow-ups.

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“…The Xerostomia Inventory (XI) was used to assess dry mouth sensation, designed in 1999 [ 15 ] using the validated Spanish version [ 16 ]. The ranges of values associated with each degree were as follows: 0–11: No xerostomia, 12–22: Mild xerostomia, 23–33: Moderate xerostomia, and 34–44: Severe xerostomia [ 17 ]. In relation to health risk behaviours, tobacco use has been assessed (former or current, number of cigarettes smoked and, for ex-smokers, years since they gave up smoking) as well as alcohol consumption (type of alcoholic beverages and frequency) and dietary habits (frequency of vegetables, legumes, fruit, white meat (chicken, rabbit, turkey), red meat (beef, pork, lamb) and daily drinking water).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xerostomia, the perception of general and oral health and health risk behaviours in people over 65 years of age

et al. 2022

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Background This study investigated the association between xerostomia and health risk behaviours, general and oral health and quality of life. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 800 adults over 65 years of age residing in Spain using a computer-assisted telephone questionnaire. The severity of xerostomia was assessed through the Xerostomia Inventory (XI). Both univariate and adjusted multinomial logistic regression were used to determine the risk (OR) of xerostomia. Results The sample comprised of 492 females (61.5%) and 308 males, with a mean age of 73.7 ± 5.8 years. Some, 30.7% had xerostomia: 25.6% mild, 4.8% moderate and 0.3% severe, the majority being female (34.8% vs 24%; p = 0.003). The mean XI was 24.6 ± 6.3 (95% CI 19.2–24.8) for those with poor health, whereas it was 17.4 ± 6.3 (95%CI 16.1–18.6) in those reporting very good health (p < 0.001). This difference was also observed in terms of oral health, with the XI mean recorded as 14.7 ± 10.7 for very poor oral health and 6.4 ± 5.4 for those with very good health (p = 0.002). Logistic regression showed that the highest OR for xerostomia was observed among adults with poor general health (2.81; 95%CI 1.8–4.3; p < 0.001) and for adjusted model the OR was still significant (2.18; 95%CI 1.4–3.4; p = 0.001). Those who needed help with household chores had 2.16 higher OR (95%CI 1.4–3.4; p = 0.001) and 1.69 (95%CI 1.1–2.7; p = 0.03) in the adjusted model. Females had a higher risk of suffering from xerostomia than males. Conclusion The strong association between xerostomia and the general and oral health status of older adults justifies the need for early assessment and regular follow-up.

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Association between xerostomia, oral and general health, and obesity in adults. A cross-sectional pilot study

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

A prediction model for xerostomia in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving radical radiotherapy

A prediction model for xerostomia in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving radical radiotherapy

Aplasia of the Major and Minor Salivary Glands: Report of a Rare Case

Xerostomia, the perception of general and oral health and health risk behaviours in people over 65 years of age

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