Association between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and body fat distribution in Mordovian students

Bakholdina, Varvara Yu.; Movsesian, Alla A.; Negasheva, Marina A.

doi:10.1080/03014460.2018.1495264

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although it is said that BMI and HGS are related, some studies had revealed a positive relationship, some had revealed a partial positive relationship, while others had not revealed a significant relationship due to substantial geographic and ethnic differences 9,13,14,19 . However, comprehensive investigations on the 2D:4D ratio and its' relationship with HGS and the parameters showing body fat distribution revealed a vital relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and HGS 1,2,5 . Some studies also reported that digit ratio may affect determining the dominant hand preference used in writing 9,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Depending on the potency of prenatal hormones the 2D:4D ratio is sexually dimorphic, which is inversely proportional to testosterone level in males and directly proportional to estrogen level in females during embryonic period 1,2,3,4 . In general, because of the number of androgen receptors in the fourth finger is high, this finger is longer, and the 2D:4D ratio is less than one in male, while in female the second finger is longer, and this ratio is greater than one due to estrogen exposure 1,5,6 . If this ratio is equal to 1, the second and fourth finger lengths are equal, and this situation can be seen in both genders 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HGS is considered quite heritable and sexually dimorphic. Many anthropometric parameters such as height, weight, the 2D:4D ratio, body mass index (BMI), skinfold thickness (SFT), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) commonly affect muscle strength, and they can be used to predict HGS 1,5,12,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body fat distribution parameters are BMI, circumferences of arm, neck, waist, and hip, SFT of triceps, biceps, abdomen, and pectoral region 1,5,12 . BMI is an expression of the relative body weight to the square of height 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these parameters were widely studied separately in many kinds of research, but some conflicted with each other 5,6,8 . Therefore, besides the importance of these parameters, more research is needed to show the relationship of HGS to the 2D:4D ratio and body fat distribution parameters in both genders and different age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The relationship of the digit ratio (2D:4D) with body fat distribution and handgrip strength in medical students

Açar

Digilli

Sağlam

et al. 2021

Cukurova Medical Journal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The relationship of the digit ratio (2D:4D) with body fat distribution and handgrip strength in medical students

Açar

Digilli

Sağlam

et al. 2021

Cukurova Medical Journal

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An Association Between Left‐Hand Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Anthropometric Indexes in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 8–15 Years in Bengbu City

Zhang,

Cao,

et al. 2024

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectivesThe digit ratio (2D:4D) is a possible marker of prenatal hormone exposure. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between digit ratio (2D:4D) and anthropometric indexes in Chinese children and adolescents.MethodsThis study is a cross‐sectional study. A school‐based survey among 685 children and adolescents aged 8–15 years were conducted by stratified cluster sampling. The length of index finger (2D) and ring finger (4D) of the left hand, height, sitting height (ST), weight, chest circumference (CC), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and abdominal skinfold thickness (AST) were measured. Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze associations between 2D:4D and above indexes.ResultsIn girls, 2D:4D was positively related to WC, AST, waist‐to‐height (WHtR), waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR) after adjusting for ages (p < 0.05). The WC, AST, WHtR, and WHR among girls with 2D:4D ≥ 1 were significantly higher than those among girls with 2D:4D < 1, respectively (p < 0.05). However, there was no correlations between digit ratio (2D:4D) and above anthropometric indexes in boys (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe 2D:4D was related to anthropometric indexes in girls, which suggests that the maternal prenatal hormone exposure might be related to the anthropometric indexes of their female offspring.

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The 2D:4D index is associated with the development of excess body weight in adults, but not with the rate of weight loss following bariatric surgery

Iljin

Antoszewski

Szewczyk

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Abstract2D:4D finger length ratio is a proxy of prenatal sex hormone exposure. Prenatal testosterone decreases and prenatal estrogens increase this index. In the current study we investigated whether the 2D:4D index, as a marker of the prenatal hormonal environment, is associated with the development of overweight and obesity in adults, and whether is it correlated with the rate of weight loss in patients after bariatric surgery. We tested 125 adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2), 125 adults with overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2) and 153 persons with normal body weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) of both sexes. We have found that the development of excessive body weight in men and women, and fat accumulation in the upper arms, thighs and lower legs in women with obesity (but not men) are associated with increased prenatal estrogen exposure. This relationship indicates a new area of activity in the field of obesity prevention. Moreover, it seems that the 2D:4D index (especially of the right hand) may be a useful factor in early prediction of the risk of developing excessive body weight in humans. The rate of weight loss after bariatric surgery is independent of prenatal exposure to sex hormones.

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Association between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and body fat distribution in Mordovian students

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

The relationship of the digit ratio (2D:4D) with body fat distribution and handgrip strength in medical students

The relationship of the digit ratio (2D:4D) with body fat distribution and handgrip strength in medical students

An Association Between Left‐Hand Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Anthropometric Indexes in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 8–15 Years in Bengbu City

The 2D:4D index is associated with the development of excess body weight in adults, but not with the rate of weight loss following bariatric surgery

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