Association between the ABCC11 gene polymorphism and the expression of apolipoprotein D by the apocrine glands in axillary osmidrosis

Abstract

It has been suggested that the adenosine triphosphate‑binding cassette sub‑family C member 11 (ABCC11) gene polymorphism and apolipoprotein D (ApoD), an odor precursor carrier, may be important in the formation of axillary odor. To date, few studies have examined the potential correlation between these two factors. The present study aimed to investigate the association between a 538 G>A single‑nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the ABCC11 gene and the mRNA expression levels of ApoD in the apocrine gland of patients with osmidrosis. The 538 G>A polymorphism genotypes of 33 patients with a clinical diagnosis of osmidrosis were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a base‑quenched probe method, and they were divided into two groups according to the results. The G allele functions as a dominant gene; therefore, patients with the GG or GA genotype were allocated to Group I (n=28) and patients with the AA genotype to Group II (n=5). The mRNA expression levels of ApoD in the apocrine glands were determined by reverse transcription‑PCR. The results indicated that the mRNA expression levels of ApoD were significantly higher in the apocrine glands of patients in Group I compared with those in Group II (P<0.01). In conclusion, the results indicated that the ABCC11 gene SNP of the 538 G>A allele was associated with a downregulation of the mRNA expression of ApoD in the apocrine glands, which may indicate a role for the ABCC11 gene in the mediation of osmidrosis by enhancing the transition of odor precursors via the ApoD pathway.

The Lipocalin Apolipoprotein D Functional Portrait: A Systematic Review

“…Reference Collection 30 (Curry et al, 1977;Albers et al, 1981;Cheung et al, 1993;Baker et al, 1994;Vijayaraghavan et al, 1994;Hansen et al, 2004;Iqbal et al, 2008;Navarro et al, 2010a;Edlow et al, 2014;Manjunatha et al, 2016;Ravnsborg et al, 2016;Brahimaj et al, 2017;Herzig et al, 2017;Desmarais et al, 2018;Saadane et al, 2019;Kopylov et al, 2020;Santana et al, 2020). Reference Collection 31 (Bujalska et al, 2006;Appari et al, 2009;Chen et al, 2011;Allegra et al, 2012;Ammerpohl et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2015;Salami et al, 2019;Tanase-Nakao et al, 2019;Geng et al, 2020). Reference Collection 32 (Albers et al, 1984;Haffner et al, 1985;Holmquist et al, 1993;Gottsch et al, 2003;Zenkel et al, 2005;Flatscher-Bader and Wilce, 2006;Tew et al, 2007;Collins-Racie et al, 2009;Schäfer et al, 2009;Sun et al, 2013;Aregger et al, 2014;Hueging et al, 2015;Kliuchnikova et al, 2016;…”

Epidemiological analysis of axillary apocrine bromhidrosis in China: a survey from Chinese higher education students

“…However, not all individuals with a positive family history, wet earwax, or alleles 538 GG or GA suffer from AAB, and vice versa (17). In addition to genetics, AAB is affected by several other factors, such as age, gender and diet (18,19). Body odor tends to increase with age (20).…”

“…Body odor develops in children at the onset of puberty, and the unpleasant greasy and grassy smell of 2-nonenal was detected only in subjects aged 40 years or older (20). Dietary intake may alter the type and amount of axillary fatty acid secretion and lead to changes in odor severity (18). The gender difference may be due to men producing more sweat than women, which enhances the diffusion of odor (19).…”

“…Human body odor is affected by a variety of odor components. These factors do not work in isolation but interact with each other (18,19). Generally, genetics affects the occurrence and severity of AAB, and other factors only affect the severity of AAB (18,19).…”

“…These factors do not work in isolation but interact with each other (18,19). Generally, genetics affects the occurrence and severity of AAB, and other factors only affect the severity of AAB (18,19). Chinese people have very faint body odor and are sensitive to odor, so it is not difficult to judge if a person suffers from AAB.…”