Association Between Teeth Development in Panoramic Radiograph and Skeletal Maturity in Lateral Cephalogram

Abstract

Background: Using a reliable indicator to identify different phases of skeletal maturation is an important issue in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between stages of tooth calcification and cervical vertebral maturation in Iranian individuals. Patients and Methods: 216 digital panoramic and lateral cephalometry of healthy patients, 99 males and 117 females (aged 8 to 16 years) seeking orthodontic treatment included in the study. To determine dental maturational stage, calcification of the mandibular canine, the first and second premolars and the second molar were assessed according to the method suggested by Demirjian et al. To evaluate the stage of skeletal maturation, cervical vertebral morphologic changes were assessed on lateral cephalometric radiographs according to the method suggested by Baccetti et al. All radiographs were evaluated by two observers and inter-and intra-examiner reliability were examined. Spearman's correlations coefficients were calculated to establish the association between cervical vertebral maturation and teeth calcification. P-values less than 0.001 were considered statistically significant. Results: All correlation values obtained were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Correlations between dental development and skeletal maturity stage due to CVM method ranged from 0.76 to 0.77 (P < 0.001) for females and 0.63 to 0.71 (P < 0.001) for males. The second molar (0.77) and second premolar (0.71) presented the highest correlation for female and male subjects, respectively. Conclusions:The relationship between calcification of tooth and maturation of cervical bones was significant. This suggested that tooth calcification stages from panoramic radiographs might be clinically useful as a maturity indicator.

Correlation of cervical vertebral maturity and teeth calcification stages in children with cleft lip and palate

“…The result of this study is similar to those of previous studies, revealing an association between tooth and cervical vertebral maturity in people without craniofacial anomalies. 1,2,3,11,12 Strong significant association between cervical vertebral maturity and tooth calcification stages in children aged 7 to 16 years old with cleft lip and palate may occur because both had normal condition and craniofacial anomalies had no effects, or because both cervical vertebrae and tooth had accelerated or delayed maturity. The development of mandibular second molar starts at the age of 3 years, the crown formation finishes at the age of 7 to 8 years, and the root formation finishes at the age of 14 to 15 years.…”

“…1 Dental and skeletal age can be seen on panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs. 2 Both are frequently connected with each other in several researches; one of them shows strong correlation between dental and skeletal age. 3 According to 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Research, cleft lip and palate cases were estimated to be found in 0.08% of the total number of children in Indonesia.…”

“…5,6 Commonly, a wrist-hand radiograph was used as a biological age indicator, but in dentistry, to get more accurate biological age we use cervical vertebral maturity and teeth calcification stages from panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs and compare each other. 1,2,3 Some research indicated no significant difference when comparing dental, skeletal and chronological age in normal patients without craniofacial anomalies. 1 Teeth calcification stages can be used as a maturity indicator, as accurate as cervical vertebral maturity stages.…”

“…1 Teeth calcification stages can be used as a maturity indicator, as accurate as cervical vertebral maturity stages. 2 Several researches in different countries showed a late dental and skeletal maturity on those who have a cleft lip and palate condition compared to those who do not have congenital growth and developmental craniofacial anomalies. 7,8,9 Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia.…”