Association between standardized vitamin 25(OH)D and dyslipidemia: a community-based study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency associated with dyslipidemia can contribute towards cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have found that Saudi Arabia has a high burden of vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular disease risk factors. We aimed to explore the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and dyslipidemia, including total cholesterol, low-density lipids, high-density lipids (HDL), and triglycerides (TG) in apparently healthy Saudi male and female participants aged 30-75 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1717 apparently healthy Saudi participants from 18 primary health care centers in Riyadh. Data collectors conducted the interviews, took anthropometric measurements, and collected the blood samples. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescence assay method. Lipid panel was measured by a fully automated analyzer using enzymatic methods. Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the adjusted odds ratio (OR A) of low level of HDL cholesterol in association with 25(OH)D deficiency was 2.1 times higher in males (OR A = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.1, 3.9) and 1.3 times higher in females (OR A = 1.3; 95% CI = 0.9, 1.9). A significant excess odds ratio of high levels of TG in association with 25(OH) D deficiency was observed in females (OR A = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.1, 7.9) but not in males. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. Low levels of HDL cholesterol in men and high TG levels in women are associated with vitamin D deficiency. The results emphasize the importance of treating vitamin D deficiency in the general population.

Dyslipidemia and Vitamin D Status in Diabetic Patients

“…Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency was associated with dyslipidemia even in patients who did not have dyslipidemia. Similarly, have been confirmed in studies conducted in china [15], in Saudi [26] India [27] but the previous aforementioned studies indicated that HDL positively correlated with HDL cholesterol level and this finding were disagree with the present result in which deficiency led to slight increase in serum HDL. Interestingly, the increment level of HDL in vitamin D diabetes patient whether do they have dyslipidemia or not could highlighted new finding.…”

“…Regarding the gender distribution, vitamin D deficiency and dyslipidemia, the current work revealed that, female gender have more complicated dyslipidemia and higher levels of FPG and HbA1C than male. In contrary to the literature there was limited studies compared such finding, in which study conducted in Saudi Arabia [28] found that women with vitamin D deficiency has higher levels of TG than man and man has higher HDL than women and this finding was on non-diabetic patients. According to our knowledge no further studies have been found.…”

Correlation of Vitamin D level with severity of Coronary Artery Disease(CAD) in patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome(ACS) in a Tertiary Care Centre in Western India

“…We found dyslipidemia to be significantly corelated with Vitamin D deficiency(p=0.009). This has been observed in previous studies by Rolf et al, [25] Vitamin D deficiency affecting calcium absorption, Triglyceride metabolism, insulin resistance, disruption of lipoprotein metabolism leading to dyslipidemia have been postulated [26]…”

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Is Inversely Associated with Monocyte Percentage to HDL Cholesterol Ratio among Young Healthy Adults in Qatar

“…Thus, when monocyte percentage is elevated and HDL is reduced, monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) is elevated which suggests a homeostatic perturbations and sub-clinical inflammation. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency has been linked to dyslipidemia such as low HDL-cholesterol [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. However, it is not very clear about the mechanism through which vitamin D exerts its effects on lipids [ 16 , 17 ].…”