Association between Socioeconomic Status, Physical Health and Need for Long-term Care among the Chinese Elderly

Kong, Fanlei; Xu, Lingzhong; Kong, Mei; Li, Shixue; Zhou, Chengchao; Zhang, Jianghua; Ai, Bin

doi:10.3390/ijerph16122124

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Similarly, our study found that people with higher income levels had better adaptation. It is stated that there is a relationship between socioeconomic status and worse health, chronic diseases, mortality, worse functional capacity, sleep disturbances and have a shorter life expectancy in the elder 31,32 . However, it is reported that the increase in income status has a positive effect on physical and mental health, life satisfaction, quality of life and subjective well-being 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumu ile algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi arasındaki ilişki

Yılmaz

Kil²

2020

Cukurova Medical Journal

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Öz Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the older people' adaptation to old age and perceived social support level. Materials and Methods: We conducted this descriptive study with 530 older people aged 65 and above in a training and research hospital. For data analysis, we used Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis-H test, Spearman's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model. Results: We found that the total mean score for Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly was 1.07±0.73 and the total score for Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support was 37.30±13.36. There was a statistically significant relationship between the older people' total mean Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly scores and total Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support scores. In addition, age, gender, marital status, education and income level, chronic disease presence variables were found to affect adaptation to old age. Conclusion: The level of social support for the older people can be important in ensuring the adaptation to old age. We recommend that the health personnel regularly assess the older people' adaptation to old age and social support sources. Amaç: Bu araştırma yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumları ile algılanan sosyal destek düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışma, bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri 530 yaşlı birey ile yürütülmüştür. Verilerin analizinde Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis-H testi, Spearman's korelasyon analizi ve çoklu lineer regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada yaşlı bireylerin Yaşlılığa Uyum Güçlüğünü Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 1.07±0.73 olduğu ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği toplam puanın 37.30±13.36 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada yaşlı bireylerin Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği toplam puanı ile Yaşlılığa Uyum Güçlüğünü Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim ve gelir düzeyi, kronik hastalık varlığı değişkenlerinin yaşlılığa uyumu etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda yaşlı bireylerin sosyal destek düzeyinin yaşlılığa uyum sağlamada etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumunun ve sosyal destek kaynaklarının sağlık çalışanları tarafından düzenli olarak değerlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumu ile algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi arasındaki ilişki

Yılmaz

Kil²

2020

Cukurova Medical Journal

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“…Poverty indicators (household construction materials, asset ownership) were used to derive an index for socioeconomic position (SEP), using principal components analysis (PCA) to generate quartiles. The poverty indicators were based on previous household surveys in China and consultation with team members during training [41,42,52].…”

Section: Rahl Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-testing of a rapid survey method to assess the prevalence and causes of hearing loss in Gao’an, Jiangxi province, China

Bright

Shan²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Arch Public Health

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Background: The Rapid Assessment of Hearing Loss (RAHL) survey protocol aims to measure the prevalence and causes of hearing loss in a low cost and rapid manner, to inform planning of ear and hearing services. This paper reports on the first field-test of the RAHL in Gao'an County, Jiangxi Province, China. This study aimed to 1) To report on the feasibility of RAHL; 2) report on the estimated prevalence and causes of hearing loss in Gao'an. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in September-October 2018. Forty-seven clusters in Gao'an County were selected using probability-proportionate-to-size sampling. Within clusters, compact segment sampling was conducted to select 30 people aged 50+. A questionnaire was completed covering sociodemographics, hearing health, and risk factors. Automated pure-tone audiometry was completed for all participants, using smartphone-based audiometry (hearTest), at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz (kHz). All participants had their ears examined by an Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) doctor, using otoscopy, and probable causes of hearing loss assigned. Prevalence estimates were age and sex standardised to the Jiangxi population. Feasibility of a cluster size of 30 was examined by assessing the response rate, and the proportion of clusters completed in 1 day. Results: 1344 of 1421 eligible participants completed the survey (94.6%). 100% of clusters were completed in 1 day. The survey was completed in 4.5 weeks. The prevalence of moderate or greater hearing loss (pure-tone average of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz of > = 41dBHL in the better ear) was 16.3% (95% CI = 14.3, 18.5) and for any level of hearing loss (pure-tone average of > = 26dBHL in the better ear) the prevalence was 53.2% (95% CI = 49.2, 57.1). The majority of hearing loss was due to acquired sensorineural causes (91.7% left; 92.1% right). Overall 54.0% of the population aged 50+ (108,000 people) are in need of diagnostic audiology services, 3.4% were in need of wax removal (7000 people), and 4.8% were in need of surgical services (9500 people). Hearing aid coverage was 0.4%. Conclusion: The RAHL survey protocol is feasible, demonstrated through the number of people examined per day, and the high response rate. The survey was completed in a much shorter period than previous all-age surveys in China. Some remaining challenges included assignment of causes of probable sensorineural loss. The data obtained from this survey can be used to scale-up hearing services in Gao'an.

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“…Objective socioeconomic status (SES) is defined as the economic and social position such as working status, household wealth, and poverty status [1][2][3][4]. Previous studies have recognized that low objective SES correlates with poor physical and mental health in older adults [4][5][6][7][8]. It also relates to daily care needs, and long-term care needs [4,5,7,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between depressive symptoms and objective/subjective socioeconomic status among older adults of two regions in Myanmar

et al. 2021

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Low objective socioeconomic status (SES) has been correlated with poor physical and mental health among older adults. Some studies suggest that subjective SES is also important for ensuring sound physical and mental health among older adults. However, few studies have been conducted on the impact of both objective and subjective SES on mental health among older adults. This study examines whether objective or subjective SES is associated with depressive symptoms in older adults in Myanmar. This cross-sectional study, conducted between September and December, 2018, used a multistage sampling method to recruit participants from two regions of Myanmar, for face-to-face interviews. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms. Participants were classified as having no depressive symptom (GDS score <5) and having depressive symptoms (GDS score ≥5). Objective and subjective SES were assessed using the wealth index and asking participants a multiple-choice question about their current financial situation, respectively. The relationship between objective/subjective SES and depressive symptoms was examined using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. The mean age of the 1,186 participants aged 60 years and above was 69.7 (SD: 7.3), and 706 (59.5%) were female. Among them, 265 (22.3%) had depressive symptoms. After adjusting for objective SES and other covariates, only low subjective SES was positively associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 4.18, 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.98–5.87). This association was stronger among participants in the rural areas (urban areas, AOR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.08–4.05; rural areas, AOR: 5.65, 95% CI: 3.69–8.64). Subjective SES has a stronger association with depressive symptoms than objective SES, among older adults of the two regions in Myanmar, especially in the rural areas. Interventions for depression in older adults should consider regional differences in the context of subjective SES by reducing socioeconomic disparities among the communities.

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Association between Socioeconomic Status, Physical Health and Need for Long-term Care among the Chinese Elderly

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumu ile algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi arasındaki ilişki

Yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığa uyumu ile algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi arasındaki ilişki

Field-testing of a rapid survey method to assess the prevalence and causes of hearing loss in Gao’an, Jiangxi province, China

Association between depressive symptoms and objective/subjective socioeconomic status among older adults of two regions in Myanmar

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