Association between smoking type and prevalence of atopic dermatitis and asthma in men and women

Abstract

Aim:This study aimed to examine the association between smoking type and the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and asthma in men and women.Background: Cases of allergic diseases have been steadily increasing worldwide.Smoking is associated with serious diseases. Only a few studies have assessed the association between smoking and atopic dermatitis and asthma in adults, and gender difference studies are scarce despite a significant difference in smoking rates. Methods:We conducted a secondary cross-sectional analysis of 17 886 adults with atopic dermatitis and 17 889 with asthma aged ≥19 years, using raw data from the Fifth Korea national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010)(2011)(2012). Results:The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in men was not associated with active or passive smoking, whereas asthma prevalence in men was associated with indoor passive smoking exposure at home. We found that atopic dermatitis prevalence in women was associated with current smoking status, whereas asthma prevalence in women was associated with the presence of an indoor daily smoker at home and indoor passive smoking exposure at home. Conclusion:Asthmatic adults should be informed of the hazards of passive smoking, and women with atopic dermatitis should in particular be dissuaded from smoking. KEYWORDS adult, asthma, atopic dermatitis, gender, smokingWhat is already known about this topic?• The number of cases of allergic diseases has been steadily increasing worldwide over the past few decades.• The association between allergic diseases and smoking remains controversial, and further clarification is required.• There is a significant difference between the smoking rates of men and women. What this paper adds?• There were associations between smoking types and the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and asthma for men and women.• The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in men was not associated with active or passive smoking, whereas asthma prevalence in men was associated with indoor passive smoking exposure at home.• We found that atopic dermatitis prevalence in women was associated with current smoking status, whereas asthma prevalence in women was associated with the presence of an indoor daily smoker at home and indoor passive smoking exposure at home. The implications of this study:• Asthmatic adults should be informed of the hazards of passive smoking.

Prevalence, incidence and relative risk of cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults with atopic dermatitis: A systematic review

“…Prevalence of active smoking (current and/or former) among patients with AD was reported in 39 studies, with no clear pattern of higher or lower prevalence in AD compared with controls. Prevalence of passive smoking among adults was reported in five studies (AD vs. non‐AD: 0.3% vs. 1.2% in men with ≥1 h of smoking exposure at home, up to 66.7% vs. 67.6% with any exposure at home) 50,54,59,60,75 …”

“…Studies were conducted in a broad range of countries in Europe, North America and Asia, with the most numerous being from Denmark and the United States (n = 14 each). National databases or registries were the most common source of data, and many studies used the same databases (e.g., Danish national patient registries, 5,20,21,24,25,31,47,71,72 the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 51,53,[55][56][57]60 and the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database 23,29,36,37,40 ). Twenty-six studies matched patients with AD to non-AD patients, 35 studies included an…”

“…After removing duplicates, 1277 titles/abstracts were screened; of these, 192 full‐text articles were assessed. Of the 71 included studies, 22 were retrospective cohort studies, 5,20–40 36 were cross‐sectional studies, 6,10,19,41–73 seven were prospective cohort studies 74–80 and six were case‐control studies 81–86 (Supporting Information: Table ). Studies were conducted in a broad range of countries in Europe, North America and Asia, with the most numerous being from Denmark and the United States ( n = 14 each).…”

“…Prevalence of passive smoking among adults was reported in five studies (AD vs. non-AD: 0.3% vs. 1.2% in men with ≥1 h of smoking exposure at home, up to 66.7% vs. 67.6% with any exposure at home). 50,54,59,60,75 Fifteen studies reported relative risks related to smoking (Supporting Information: Table S8 and Figure 6); again, there was no clear pattern of increased association between smoking and AD. Two studies examined the risk of developing AD after exposure to active smoking, 54,79 but only one of these reported that the risk was increased.…”

Smoking asthmatics, a neglected large phenotype of asthmatic patients

“…Passive smoking via exposure to secondhand cigarette smoke may increase the risk of development or augmentation of asthma [39][40][41][42]. The prevalence of asthma in men and women is associated with indoor passive smoking exposure at home [43]. Children with asthma exposed to passive smoking experienced worse lung function parameters, more visits to emergency departments, lower oxygen saturation levels on admission, higher scores on the asthma exacerbation severity scale [44].…”