Association between small for gestational age and low birth weight with attention deficit and impaired executive functions in 3–6 years old children

Shariat, Mamak; Gharaee, J.; Dalili, Hosein; Mohammadzadeh, Yasamin; Ansari, S. H.; Farahani, Zahra

doi:10.1080/14767058.2017.1408071

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study to evaluate the joint contribution of birth weight and polygenic risk of ADHD on the domains of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Consistent with previous studies [14,[56][57][58], we found that children with birth weight < 2000 g had approximately 50% higher ADHD trait scores than those born with normal birth weight. This finding is also consistent with previous studies conducted among participants who were clinically diagnosed with ADHD [21,52,59].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Elevated risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Japanese children with higher genetic susceptibility to ADHD with a birth weight under 2000 g

Rahman

Takahashi

Iwabuchi

et al. 2021

BMC Med

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Background Both genetic and pre- and perinatal factors, including birth weight, have been implicated in the onset of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits among children. This study aimed to elucidate to what extent the genetic risk of ADHD moderates the association between birth weight and ADHD traits among Japanese children. Methods We conducted a longitudinal birth cohort study (Hamamatsu Birth Cohort for Mother and Children Study) to investigate the association of genetic risk for ADHD and low birth weight with ADHD traits among Japanese children. Out of 1258 children, we included 796 who completed follow-ups at 8 to 9 years of age. Birth weight was categorized as <2000 g, 2000–2499 g, and ≥2500 g. Polygenic risk score for ADHD was generated using the summary data of a large-scale genome-wide association study. The Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS) assessed ADHD traits (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity) based on parental reports. Following previous studies, sex, birth order of the child, gestational age at birth, mother’s age at delivery, educational attainment, pre-pregnancy body mass index, pre-pregnancy or during pregnancy smoking status, alcohol consumption during pregnancy, father’s age, education, and annual family income were considered as covariates. Multivariable negative binomial regression was applied to evaluate the association between birth weight and ADHD traits, while adjusting for potential covariates. The interaction term between birth weight categories and binary polygenic risk was added to the model. Results Birth weight of 2000–2499 g was not associated with ADHD traits. Birth weight under 2000 g was significantly associated with both inattention and hyperactivity. When accounting for higher and lower genetic risk for ADHD, only those with higher genetic risk and birth weight < 2000 g were associated with inattention (rate ratio [RR] 1.56, 95% CI 1.07–2.27) and hyperactivity (RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.14–3.06). Conclusions Birth weight under 2000 g, together with the genetic risk of ADHD, contributes to higher levels of ADHD traits among Japanese children aged 8 to 9 years. The suggested association between low birth weight and ADHD is confined to children with a genetic susceptibility to ADHD, indicating the relevance of genetic-environmental interactions in the etiology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Elevated risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Japanese children with higher genetic susceptibility to ADHD with a birth weight under 2000 g

Rahman

Takahashi

Iwabuchi

et al. 2021

BMC Med

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“…There is evidence that PTSD can arise from traumatic experiences in pregnancy, such as experiencing an adverse pregnancy outcome, and women who have experienced child maltreatment may be more susceptible to PTSD, even years after delivery (Choi & Seng, 2016; Lev-Wiesel, Daphna-Tekoah, & Hallak, 2009; Misund, Nerdrum, Bråten, Pripp, & Diseth, 2013). Even though there was a long period of time between assessments, it is still plausible that maternal experiences of adverse perinatal outcomes could influence recall of maltreatment years later, particularly since children that are born preterm, at a low birth weight, or have other complications are at risk for adverse cognitive, behavioral, and medical outcomes throughout their lives (Shariat et al, 2017) that could also influence recall. Also, it may make sense that physical neglect, which was operationalized to include withholding of necessary medical services, may be relatively more susceptible to differential recall: perhaps mothers are more likely to connect previous health issues with current ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory study of whether pregnancy outcomes influence maternal self-reported history of child maltreatment

Cammack

Hogue

Drews‐Botsch

et al. 2018

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Childhood maltreatment is common and has been increasingly studied in relation to perinatal outcomes. While retrospective self-report is convenient to use in studies assessing the impact of maltreatment on perinatal outcomes, it may be vulnerable to bias. We assessed bias in reporting of maltreatment with respect to women's experiences of adverse perinatal outcomes in a cohort of 230 women enrolled in studies of maternal mental illness. Each woman provided a self-reported history of childhood maltreatment via the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire at two time points: 1) the preconception or prenatal period and 2) the postpartum period. While most women's reports of maltreatment agreed, there was less agreement for physical neglect among women experiencing adverse perinatal outcomes. Further, among women who discrepantly reported maltreatment, those experiencing adverse pregnancy outcomes tended to report physical neglect after delivery but not before, and associations between physical neglect measured after delivery and adverse pregnancy outcomes were larger than associations that assessed physical neglect before delivery. There were larger associations between post-delivery measured maltreatment and perinatal outcomes among women who had not previously been pregnant and in those with higher postpartum depressive symptoms. Although additional larger studies in the general population are necessary to replicate these findings, they suggest retrospective reporting of childhood maltreatment, namely physical neglect, may be prone to systematic differential recall bias with respect to perinatal outcomes. Measures of childhood maltreatment reported before delivery may be needed to validly estimate associations between maternal exposure to childhood physical neglect and perinatal outcomes.

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“…19 About 6% of all babies are estimated to be born with a LBW. 20 The LBW may be due to poor maternal nutrition, infections during pregnancy, preterm birth, multiple pregnancies, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and finally, history of prior low birth deliveries increases the chance of a low birth delivery subsequently. 21 It differs from IUGR which is defined as failure of the fetus to attain its normal genetic growth and specific measures threshold along a normal centiles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Authors included in present study women aged [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] years, with BMI 18-22 kg/m 2 who were pregnant in a singleton baby with estimated gestational age ranging between 28-30 weeks gestation. • The study included two groups: group I-the case group, those had been diagnosed to have placenta previa by trans-abdominal ultrasound either asymptomatic or had minimal vaginal bleeding at time of participation.…”

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of placenta previa on fetal weight and feto-maternal blood flow: a prospective cohort study

Ali

Mahfouz

Abbas

et al. 2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: The current study aims to evaluate the effect of placenta previa on the fetal weight and to explore its effect on the uterine and umbilical arteries blood flow.Methods: The current study was a prospective cohort study conducted at Assiut Women’s Health Hospital, Egypt from 1st of October 2016 to 30th of September 2017 including placenta previa and non-placenta previa women. They were followed up by two-dimensional ultrasound and Doppler blood flow in the uterine and umbilical arteries. The main study outcome was the number of low birth weight (LBW) babies delivered at or beyond 37 weeks and blood flow changes in uterine and umbilical arteries.Results: Two hundred twelve women were divided into two groups; group I included 106 placenta previa women (PP group) and 106 non-placenta previa women (NPP group). The number of LBW babies were comparable in both groups without statistically significant difference (P value= 0.555). Neither; uterine artery nor umbilical artery blood flow had any significant differences between the groups. Preterm delivery was significantly higher in the PP group (p value=0.000).Conclusions: Although there is no agreement, in the literature, on the association between placenta previa and LBW, authors suggest that placenta previa is not a reason for LBW babies. In addition, placenta previa shows no effect on uterine artery or umbilical artery blood flow.

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Association between small for gestational age and low birth weight with attention deficit and impaired executive functions in 3–6 years old children

Abstract: Our results indicated that children with past history of some risks at birth may suffer from complications related attention and executive functions in their childhood. Recommendations for further research are strongly suggested.

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Elevated risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Japanese children with higher genetic susceptibility to ADHD with a birth weight under 2000 g

Elevated risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Japanese children with higher genetic susceptibility to ADHD with a birth weight under 2000 g

An exploratory study of whether pregnancy outcomes influence maternal self-reported history of child maltreatment

The effect of placenta previa on fetal weight and feto-maternal blood flow: a prospective cohort study

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