Association between shoulder proprioception and muscle strength in water polo players

Mota, Nuno; Ribeiro, Fernando

doi:10.3233/ies-2011-0435

Cited by 12 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…No significant difference was found between injured and non‐injured athletes' strength when normalized by body weight. Comparison of findings to previous water‐polo studies was not viable as strength was not normalized relative to body weight or BMI in the previous work, and different testing procedures utilizing isokinetic testing were used . A recent investigation of young swimmers similarly found no significant difference in normalized strength and strength ratio for athletes reporting shoulder pain .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Sport‐specific musculo‐skeletal adaptations have been observed in athletes' shoulders when involved in repeated overhead throwing . In water‐polo, adaptations such as alterations in shoulder range of motion (ROM), strength, proprioception, and posture have been reported. It has been suggested that these adaptations lead to changes in the mechanics with throwing and shooting activities that can result in an overload of the soft tissue structures at the shoulder .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinicians routinely measure shoulder strength and monitor any changes within and between seasons, due to the role shoulder strength plays in swimming, throwing performance, and potential injury risk. In water‐polo, four previous studies have examined shoulder strength, three of which employed an isokinetic device, and one used a cable tension method . Water‐polo players were shown to be stronger than aged‐matched controls for both IR and ER strength .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shoulder internal and external rotation strength and prediction of subsequent injury in water‐polo players

Hams

Evans

Adams

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Funding informationAndrea Hams is currently supported by a joint QAS-University of Canberra PhD scholarship for the duration of her PhD candidature Water-polo players have greater isokinetic shoulder strength than age-matched controls. Due to the repetitive demands of throwing, however, water-polo players demonstrate an altered strength ratio, with greater internal rotation (IR) strength relative to external rotation (ER). The relationship between shoulder strength and risk of shoulder injury is unknown. In addition, the effect on test position for strength testing on the reliability of handheld dynamometry (HHD) in this population is not known.The aims were to determine the: (a) Inter-rater reliability of HHD testing of IR and ER strength in two positions: neutral and 90°abduction-90°ER (90-90) and (b) relationship between preseason shoulder strength and occurrence of future injury in subelite water-polo players. Two assessors measured shoulder IR and ER strength using HHD in 15 water-polo players across two testing days. Athletes were followed over a 6-month period, and injury was assessed and recorded by the team physiotherapist.Measurement of water-polo players' isometric IR and ER strength in the clinical setting had good to excellent inter-rater reliability; however, systematic error was observed in the neutral position but not the 90-90 position. Irrespective of testing position, the neutral and 90-90 test position showed a significant difference (P = 0.01) in absolute preseason IR and ER mean strength between prospectively injured and non-injured players. There was no significant difference in strength ratio or strength normalized for body mass index. These results suggest that preseason strength testing may help identify players at risk of in-season shoulder injury. K E Y W O R D Sclinical assessment, injury prevention, physical therapy, shoulder, water sports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shoulder internal and external rotation strength and prediction of subsequent injury in water‐polo players

Hams

Evans

Adams

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…The nature of water polo and the rules of the game make all water polo players one-sided players, so all them only focus on improving their dominant hand, exposing them to the anatomical shoulder movement strength imbalance position. The anatomical shoulder movement strength imbalance can lead players to get scoliosis and limited internal/external Glenohumeral rotations and these abnormalities lead all overhead players to suffer from back pain and other problems (Aliprandi et al, 2013;Pascal Edouard et al, 2013;L, 2014;Mota & Ribeiro, 2012). There are many studies about water polo performance and trainings to improve throwing accuracy and velocity, but still there is a gap in the literature about the bilateral and anterior-posterior anatomical shoulder movement strength imbalance among water polo players.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Shoulder Movement Strength Imbalance Among Water Polo Overhead Athletes

Nekooei

T.K

Amri

et al. 2019

IJKSS

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Background: The game of water polo has become more familiar to all the athletes and coaches as the time has passed. It has been played as a sport for more than a century Although anatomical shoulder movement strength balance is a crucial factor in overhead throwers’ performance, it has not been studied extensively in the previous research. Objective: This study examined shoulder movement imbalance in bilateral and dominant anterior-posterior shoulder among 42 elite water polo players in Malaysia. Method: The t-test analyses of data obtained through several tests proved that water polo players had statistically significant difference between their right hand anatomical shoulder movement strength and their left hand anatomical shoulder movement strength in all eight shoulder movements, i.e. Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Horizontal Adduction, Horizontal Abduction, Rotation and External Rotation. Results: The results of this study showed that there are significant differences of anatomical shoulder movement strength in both bilateral and Anterior-posterior shoulder movement among water polo players. The statistics results for bilateral shoulder movement of Flexion (t= 136.09 and p<.001), Extension (t= 110.92 and p<.001), Abduction (t= 121.89 and p<.001), Adduction (t= 101.47 and p<.001), Horizontal Adduction (t= 92.3 and p<.001), Horizontal Abduction (t= 95.6 and p<.001), Internal rotations (t= 109.6 and p<.001) and External rotations (t= 102.18 and p<.001) showed the p-value to be less than 0.05 for all variables of the test. The result of paired samples t-test showed there is a statistically significant difference between the mean of bilateral anatomical shoulder movement strength among water polo players. Conclusion: These findings suggest that coaches and players should take into account the shoulder movement strength imbalance in their trainings and design specific training programs to improve overhead throwers’ shoulder movement strength balance and hence their throwing performance in sports such as water polo.

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“…Water polo is a high-intensity intermittent aquatic sport which places large physical demands on the participants [1] and involves repetitive physical motions that are common to swimming and baseball pitching. [2] Water polo consists of four quarters, where two teams of seven players per side attempt to score goals by throwing the ball into their opponents' goal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Posture and isokinetic shoulder strength in female water polo players

Aginsky

2017

S. Afr. j. sports med

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Background: Being overhead athletes, water polo players can present with muscular imbalances of the shoulder, between the internal rotators (IR) and external rotators (ER), leading to changes in posture and an increased risk of injury.Objectives: To assess posture and isokinetic shoulder strength of female club-level water polo players.Methods: A descriptive study assessing posture and isokinetic strength of the IR and ER shoulder muscles in 15 female club-level South African water polo players (age: 21.3 ± 1.5 years) was conducted. Posture was assessed using a posture grid. Isokinetic shoulder rotator muscle strength was tested over five repetitions concentrically and eccentrically at 60°/sec using a Biodex system 3 isokinetic dynamometer. The bilateral, reciprocal and functional dynamic control ratios (DCR) were calculated.Results: Typical postures noted were a forward head, rounded shoulders, increased thoracic spine kyphosis, elevated non-dominant shoulder and mild scapula winging. The mean concentric reciprocal ratios for the dominant (52.2 ± 7%) and non-dominant (51.9 ± 6.4%) sides indicated ER muscle weakness. DCR values were within normal limits for the group. (D: 0.75 ± 0.2 and ND: 0.75 ± 0.1).Conclusion: There is a trend for these female water polo players to have rounded shoulders and forward head postures, as well as ER muscle strength weakness, the combination of which could predispose the athletes to shoulder injury.

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Association between shoulder proprioception and muscle strength in water polo players

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Shoulder internal and external rotation strength and prediction of subsequent injury in water‐polo players

Shoulder internal and external rotation strength and prediction of subsequent injury in water‐polo players

Anatomical Shoulder Movement Strength Imbalance Among Water Polo Overhead Athletes

Posture and isokinetic shoulder strength in female water polo players

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