Association Between Sex Hormones Levels and Cancer Prevalence in Women, Especially Breast Cancer

Abstract

Background Estradiol and testosterone are the two most important sex hormones in the human body. Previous studies have shown that these two sex hormones have a certain relationship with the prevalence of cancer. In this study, we included a total of 3532 female subjects, the number of cancer was 366, which is 10.36% of the total study population, and the number of breast cancer was 97, with a prevalence of 2.75%. Methods Subject data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis, WQS and qgcomp analysis. Measures in the demographic characteristics data were described as mean (SD) to describe the distribution, and t-tests were used to determine differences between groups. Count data were expressed as N (%), and the chi-square test was used to determine differences between groups. The determining factor in the process of determining the critical value of ROC is the Yoden index.The point where the ROC index is maximum serves as the optimal cutoff point for the continuum variable. Results The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed a negative correlation between testosterone levels and cancer prevalence, and a negative correlation between estradiol levels and breast cancer prevalence. Cancer prevalence and breast cancer prevalence were both lower in people with high estradiol and testosterone levels. Each quartile increase in the WQS index was associated with a 24% (OR:0.76,95% CI:0.63–0.91) reduction in the risk of cancer, and a 35% (OR:0.65,95% CI:0.44–0.96) reduction in the risk of breast cancer. Each quartile increase in the qgcomp index was associated with a 17% (OR:0.83,95%CI:0.70–0.97) reduction in cancer risk and a 39% (OR:0.61,95%CI:0.44–0.84) reduction in breast cancer risk. Conclusion Serum testosterone levels were more significantly and negatively correlated with cancer prevalence in women. Serum estradiol levels were more significantly and negatively correlated with breast cancer prevalence.