Association between serum amyloid A levels and cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

ObjectiveIncreased serum amyloid A (SAA) levels have been investigated in various human malignancies, but a consistent perspective has not been established to date. This study systematically reviewed the association between SAA levels and cancers.MethodsCochrane Library, PubMed and Embase were carefully searched for available studies. The following keywords were used in database searches: ‘serum amyloid A’, ‘SAA’, ‘cancer’, ‘tumour’, ‘carcinoma’, ‘nubble’, ‘knurl’ and ‘lump’. Pooled standard mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% CIs were calculated using random-effects model analysis.ResultsTwenty studies, which contained 3682 cancer cases and 2424 healthy controls, were identified in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Our study suggested that the average SAA concentrations in the case groups were significantly higher than those in control groups (SMD 0.77, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.00, p<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that continent, age and cancer location were associated with SAA level differences between case groups and control groups. Sensitivity analyses showed the robustness and credibility of our results. In addition, we further stratified analyses for cancer stages and found that the concentrations of SAA increased gradually with the aggravation of cancer stages.ConclusionHigh circulating SAA levels were markedly associated with the developing risks of cancer, especially for participants from Asia, Oceania and Europe, or subject age more than 50, or locations in oesophageal squamous cell, ovarian, breast, lung, renal and gastric cancers. In addition, our study found that the concentrations of SAA increased with the severity of cancer stages.

RNA-Seq-Based Whole Transcriptome Analysis of IPEC-J2 Cells During Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

“…SAA is one of the main acute phase proteins that are upregulated rapidly in response to infection, inflammation, and tissue damage in vertebrates (40,41). Moreover, SAA induces a series of inflammatory mediators, including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 by binding to TLR2 and FPR2 receptors, and resulted in strong biological effects.…”

<p>Validity of serum amyloid A and HMGB1 as biomarkers for early diagnosis of gastric cancer</p>

“…16 High SAA, another cytokine, has been studied in many human malignancies, but to date a consistent perspective has not yet been established. 17 It has been reported as a potential biomarker for predicting survival and postoperative follow-up of patients with gastric cancer. 18 SAA is a major member of acute-phase reactants, which are raised in chronic inflammatory or neoplastic conditions.…”

Low‐Density Lipoproteins, High‐Density Lipoproteins (HDL), and HDL‐Associated Proteins Differentially Modulate Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cell Viability

“…Variability in the relationship between cancer and HDL‐related markers may be attributable to differences in HDL composition, which can greatly impact functionality (Zhang et al, 2019). HDL profiles have been shown to be altered in cancer, and may exhibit elevated levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), a pro‐inflammatory acute phase protein that can displace apoA1 on HDL and impact cholesterol efflux pathways (Anchisi et al, 1995; Zhou et al, 2018). These observations warrant the need for additional studies that evaluate the direct and comparative effects of lipoproteins on cancer cell viability and behavior.…”