Association Between Reduced Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Tseng, Chun-Hung; Muo, Chih‐Hsin; Lin, Ming-Chia; Kao, Chia‐Hung

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002726

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In patients with diabetes, due to abnormal glucose metabolism, the bodys energy supply is unbalanced, and the immunity is reduced, thus infection is more likely to occur. [ 35 ] Previous studies [ 36 ] have shown that people with poor glycemic control are at higher risk of infection. GCS is an important indicator of the functions of the central nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk factors for the postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

Du²,

Shan³

et al. 2020

Medicine

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The risk factors for the pulmonary infections after hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the potential risk factors for the postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage undergone surgery from January 2018 to December 2019 were included. Related personal and medical information were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the potential risk factors for the postoperative pulmonary infection. A total of 264 patients were included, and the incidence of pulmonary infection for patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage after surgery was 19.70%. Escherichia coli is the most common bacteria of pulmonary infection. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the preoperative hypoalbuminemia (OR2.89, 1.67∼4.78), tracheotomy (OR5.31, 1.24∼11.79), diabetes (OR4.92, 1.32∼9.80), preoperative GCS (OR5.66, 2.84∼11.21), and the duration of mechanical ventilation (OR2.78, 2.32∼3.61) were the independent risk factors for the pulmonary infection in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (all P < .05). Patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage after surgery have a higher risk of postoperative pulmonary infections, and there are many related risk factors, which should be taken seriously in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk factors for the postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

Du²,

Shan³

et al. 2020

Medicine

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“…Previous studies have also focused on the association of PID with specific cardiovascular diseases. [18,19] For instance, research from Taiwan indicated that patients with PID had a higher likelihood of myocardial infarction compared to controls. [20] However, understanding the association between CVD and PID requires consideration of the shared pathogenesis and common risk factors between these conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between cardiovascular health and pelvic inflammatory disease: Analyses of the NHANES 2015 to 2018

Yang,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Medicine

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While the link between female reproductive function and cardiovascular health (CVH) is well-established, the association between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and CVH remains largely unexplored. This study, therefore, sets out to fill this gap in knowledge by investigating the potential relationship between PID and CVH. To ensure the reliability and validity of our findings, data for this cross-sectional study were meticulously collected from the 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). After applying stringent exclusion criteria, a total of 2442 women were included in the study. The Life Essential 8 (LE8) scoring system, a robust tool developed by the American Heart Association (AHA), was employed to assess the CVH. Logistic regression with multiple variables and smooth curve fitting were utilized to analyze the association. Subgroup and interaction analyses were performed to determine the strength of this association across different demographic groups. The study included 2442 women, with an average CVH score of 66.29 ± 16.27. After accounting for all covariates, each unit increase in CVH score was associated with 2% lower odds of PID prevalence (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99). Notably, participants with high CVH had a striking 71% lower odds of PID prevalence compared to those with low CVH. Stratified analyses further revealed a consistent inverse association between CVH score and PID across various subgroups, underscoring the robustness of our findings. The research has uncovered a significant inverse association between CVH and PID. This suggests that improving the CVH level could be a promising strategy for reducing the odds of PID.

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“…A search of the literature suggests that all the previously published studies evaluating the risk of cardiovascular outcomes among women with a history of PID were from Taiwan [ 5 , 6 , 36 ]. The Taiwanese studies noted that compared to women without history of PID, women with history of PID were at a significantly higher risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke but at a significantly lower risk of intracerebral haemorrhage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of cardiometabolic outcomes among women with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease: a retrospective matched cohort study from the UK

et al. 2023

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Introduction To describe the incidence and prevalence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and to estimate the risk of cardiometabolic outcomes among women with PID compared to women without PID. Methods A UK retrospective matched cohort study using data from The Health Improvement Network. To assess cardiometabolic risk, women (aged ≥ 16 years) with PID were compared to matched controls without PID. Annual prevalence and incidence of PID (1998–2017) were estimated among women aged 16–50 years using annual cross-sectional and cohort analyses, respectively. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% CI for cardiometabolic outcomes were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. The primary outcome was composite cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its subtypes, including ischaemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure (HF) and cerebrovascular disease. Secondary outcomes were hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Results Among the 715 recorded composite CVD events, the crude incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 1.5 among women with history of PID compared to 1.3 in matched controls. Compared to women without PID (N = 73,769), the aHRs for cardiometabolic outcomes among women with PID (N = 19,804) were: composite CVD 1.10 (95% CI 0.93–1.30); IHD 1.19 (95% CI 0.93–1.53); cerebrovascular disease 1.13 (95% CI 0.90–1.43); HF 0.92 (95% CI 0.62–1.35) hypertension 1.10 (95% CI 1.01–1.20); and T2DM 1.25 (95% CI 1.09–1.43). The prevalence (per 10,000 population) of PID was 396.5 in 1998 and 237 in 2017. The incidence (per 10,000 person-years) of PID was 32.4 in 1998 and 7.9 in 2017. Conclusion There was no excess risk of composite CVD or its subtypes among women with history of PID compared to matched controls. Findings from our study suggest that history of PID was associated with an increased risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, two major risk factors for CVD. Additional studies are required to support these findings.

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Association Between Reduced Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

The risk factors for the postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

The risk factors for the postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

Association between cardiovascular health and pelvic inflammatory disease: Analyses of the NHANES 2015 to 2018

Risk of cardiometabolic outcomes among women with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease: a retrospective matched cohort study from the UK

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