Association between pupillary light reflex and sensory behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders

Daluwatte, Chathuri; Miles, Judith H.; Sun, Jiachen; Yao, Gang

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.11.019

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…This notion corresponds to the finding that the presence of extensive white matter lesions in children with severe cerebral palsy was associated with poorer language comprehension (24). Our ideas also match those of Fan et al and Daluwatte et al, who suggested that white matter abnormalities or disturbed modulation of sensory input might have explained slow pupillary responses in the children autism spectrum disorder that they studied (17,25). Additional studies, for example with the use of diffusion tensor imaging, are needed to test this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Our ideas also match those of Fan et al. and Daluwatte et al., who suggested that white matter abnormalities or disturbed modulation of sensory input might have explained slow pupillary responses in the children autism spectrum disorder that they studied . Additional studies, for example with the use of diffusion tensor imaging, are needed to test this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Slow pupillary light responses in infants at high risk of cerebral palsy were associated with periventricular leukomalacia and neurological outcome

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Slow pupillary light responses in infants at high risk of cerebral palsy were associated with periventricular leukomalacia and neurological outcome

et al. 2016

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“…Similarly, Casanova et al [ 105 ] saw a significant increase in cardiac vagal control in autistic subjects treated with low-frequency (LF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Daluwatte et al [ 106 ] demonstrated constricted pupillary light reflexes (PLR) in ASD subjects, suggesting a lowered parasympathetic modulation during sensory stimulation. It should also be mentioned that heavy metal exposures may exacerbate parasympathetic dominant states [ 107 , 108 ]; interestingly, it may be the case that levels of these heavy metals may be elevated in ASD subjects out of a consequence of this heightened parasympathetic state induced in utero.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate Use Predicts ADHD Hospital Discharges in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Net (HCUPnet): A Two-Way Fixed-Effects Analysis

Fluegge

2015

PLoS ONE

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There has been considerable international study on the etiology of rising mental disorders, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in human populations. As glyphosate is the most commonly used herbicide in the world, we sought to test the hypothesis that glyphosate use in agriculture may be a contributing environmental factor to the rise of ADHD in human populations. State estimates for glyphosate use and nitrogen fertilizer use were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). We queried the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project net (HCUPNET) for state-level hospitalization discharge data in all patients for all-listed ADHD from 2007 to 2010. We used rural-urban continuum codes from the USDA-Economic Research Service when exploring the effect of urbanization on the relationship between herbicide use and ADHD. Least squares dummy variable (LSDV) method and within method using two-way fixed effects was used to elucidate the relationship between glyphosate use and all-listed ADHD hospital discharges. We show that a one kilogram increase in glyphosate use, in particular, in one year significantly positively predicts state-level all-listed ADHD discharges, expressed as a percent of total mental disorders, the following year (coefficient = 5.54E-08, p<.01). A study on the effect of urbanization on the relationship between glyphosate and ADHD indicates that the relationship is marginally significantly positive after multiple comparison correction only in urban U.S. counties (p<.025). Furthermore, total glyphosate use is strongly positively associated with total farm use of nitrogen fertilizers from 1992 to 2006 (p<.001). We present evidence from the biomedical research literature of a plausible link among glyphosate, nitrogen dysbiosis and ADHD. Glyphosate use is a significant predictor of state hospitalizations for all-listed ADHD hospital discharges, with the effect concentrated in urban U.S. counties. This effect is seen even after controlling for individual state characteristics, strong correlations over time, and other significant associations with ADHD in the literature. We draw upon the econometric results to propose unique mechanisms, borrowing principles from soil and atmospheric sciences, for how glyphosate-based herbicides may be contributing to the rise of ADHD in all populations.

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“…These findings suggest that questionnaire measures and behavioral ratings are at best a weak indicator of autonomic activity and highlight the importance of including multiple measures to examine sensory processing in ASD. In a study of 5–19 year olds looking at ANS function in ASD and its relation to sensory symptoms, Daluwatte et al ( 2015 ) found that lower pupil constriction amplitude, a measure associated with parasympathetic activity, was related to increased overall sensory symptoms in ASD. The authors conclude that certain atypical sensory symptoms in ASD seem to be related to reduced parasympathetic modulation.…”

Section: Sensory Symptoms In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward an Interdisciplinary Understanding of Sensory Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Integration of the Neural and Symptom Literatures

2016

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Sensory processing differences have long been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and they have recently been added to the diagnostic criteria for the disorder. The focus on sensory processing in ASD research has increased substantially in the last decade. This research has been approached from two different perspectives: the first focuses on characterizing the symptoms that manifest in response to real world sensory stimulation, and the second focuses on the neural pathways and mechanisms underlying sensory processing. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the empirical literature on sensory processing in ASD from the last decade, including both studies characterizing sensory symptoms and those that investigate neural response to sensory stimuli. We begin with a discussion of definitions to clarify some of the inconsistencies in terminology that currently exist in the field. Next, the sensory symptoms literature is reviewed with a particular focus on developmental considerations and the relationship of sensory symptoms to other core features of the disorder. Then, the neuroscience literature is reviewed with a focus on methodological approaches and specific sensory modalities. Currently, these sensory symptoms and neuroscience perspectives are largely developing independently from each other leading to multiple, but separate, theories and methods, thus creating a multidisciplinary approach to sensory processing in ASD. In order to progress our understanding of sensory processing in ASD, it is now critical to integrate these two research perspectives and move toward an interdisciplinary approach. This will inevitably aid in a better understanding of the underlying biological basis of these symptoms and help realize the translational value through its application to early identification and treatment. The review ends with specific recommendations for future research to help bridge these two research perspectives in order to advance our understanding of sensory processing in ASD.

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Association between pupillary light reflex and sensory behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders

Cited by 67 publications

References 28 publications

Slow pupillary light responses in infants at high risk of cerebral palsy were associated with periventricular leukomalacia and neurological outcome

Slow pupillary light responses in infants at high risk of cerebral palsy were associated with periventricular leukomalacia and neurological outcome

Glyphosate Use Predicts ADHD Hospital Discharges in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Net (HCUPnet): A Two-Way Fixed-Effects Analysis

Toward an Interdisciplinary Understanding of Sensory Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Integration of the Neural and Symptom Literatures

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