Association Between Psychiatric Disorders, Substance Use, and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth

Benson, Stephanie; Elkington, Katherine S.; Leu, Cheng-Shiun; Bucek, Amelia; Dolezal, Curtis; Warne, Patricia; Mellins, Claude A.

doi:10.1016/j.jana.2018.02.006

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…48 Early identification of these youth is critical for preventing the development of serious MH conditions, which may precipitate high-risk behaviors, including substance abuse and condomless sex leading to HIV transmission, as well as nonadherence to HIV treatment regimens and care for youth with PHIV. [49][50][51][52] Our data support the provision of multi-level, evidenceinformed prevention and interventions that appreciate the dynamic nature of adolescence and recognize both individual and family risk factors as key targets for prevention/intervention services. Although some community and structural stressors are not easily modified, they must be recognized and preempted through mental healthcare, recognition and de- a Adjusted OR of MH disorder for participant with a specific characteristic compared to the reference group.…”

Section: Mental Health In Us Youth With Hivsupporting

confidence: 55%

Mental Health Diagnoses, Symptoms, and Service Utilization in US Youth with Perinatal HIV Infection or HIV Exposure

Smith

Huo

Tassiopoulos

et al. 2019

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Youth perinatally HIV infected (PHIV) or HIV exposed, but uninfected (PHEU), are aging into adolescence and adulthood with multiple complex risk factors for mental health (MH) problems and poor MH treatment utilization. Our aims were to estimate prevalence of MH diagnoses, clinically significant symptoms, and MH treatment utilization among youth with PHIV and among PHEU youth, 10-22 years old. We also aimed to identify correlates of diagnoses and treatment utilization. Analyses of data from standardized interviews, behavioral assessments, and chart review of 551 youth revealed that 36% had a previous or current MH diagnosis, with no significant HIV status group differences. Prevalence of clinically significant symptoms was 15% for both groups, of whom a third had no diagnosis, and half were not receiving treatment. Among youth with a current MH diagnosis, those with PHIV had greater utilization of services than PHEU youth (67% vs. 51%; p = 0.04). Factors associated with MH diagnoses and/or treatment utilization included caregiver characteristics, age and sex of child, HIV status, and stressful life events. Prevalence of MH diagnoses was higher than in the general population, but lower than in similar perinatally HIV-exposed cohorts, with some unmet service needs, particularly in PHEU youth. Family characteristics warrant careful consideration in early diagnosis and treatment of MH problems among youth affected by HIV.

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Section: Mental Health In Us Youth With Hivsupporting

confidence: 55%

Mental Health Diagnoses, Symptoms, and Service Utilization in US Youth with Perinatal HIV Infection or HIV Exposure

Smith

Huo

Tassiopoulos

et al. 2019

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

Self Cite

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“…Risk factors for psychosis in the general population include family history, substance use, poverty, black ethnicity, learning disability, childhood social care placement, migration and any prior central nervous system infection/injury, with multiple risk factors common in adults LW-PaHIV. Consistent associations are observed between mental health difficulties, substance use and poorer adherence to ART, with higher rates of LFTU [64,65]. Substance use by youth living with HIV has been associated with increased risk behaviours, including unprotected sex [66,67].…”

Section: Viral Suppression and Acquired Drug Resistancementioning

confidence: 86%

Adults with Perinatally Acquired HIV; Emerging Clinical Outcomes and Data Gaps

Henderson,

Fidler,

Foster

2024

TropicalMed

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In resourced settings, adults living with perinatally acquired HIV are approaching the 5th decade of life. Their clinical and psychological outcomes highlight potential future issues for the much larger number of adolescents growing up with HIV in sub–Saharan Africa, and will inform the development of appropriate healthcare services. Lifelong exposure to HIV, and increasingly to antiretroviral therapy throughout growth and development, contrasts with adults acquiring HIV in later life. This review describes the clinical outcomes for adults living with perinatally acquired HIV including post transition mortality, morbidity and retention in care. Rates of viral suppression, drug resistance and immunological function are explored. Co-morbidities focus on metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory and bone health with quality-of-life data including neurocognitive functioning and mental health. Sexual and reproductive health including vaccine-preventable disease and the prevention of onward transmission to partners and infants are considered. The data gaps and future research questions to optimise outcomes for this emerging adult cohort are highlighted.

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“…The present study was performed to indicate the necessity of incorporating sex education in school curriculum, which is of particular importance based on several studies (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Healthy sexual identity has direct relationships with mental health (24), sexual behaviors, and prevention of high-risk sexual behaviors and substance abuse (25). Research shows that people with a healthy sexual identity have a better mental health than the ones with a sexual identity disorder (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Sex Education Based on Mindfulness Training and Islamic Teachings in Improving Satisfaction with Sexual Identity Among Male Adolescents in Zahedan, Iran

Azarkhordad

Jenaabadi

Mehdınezhad

2019

Jundishapur J Health Sci

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Background: Sexual identity is an individual's sense of masculinity or femininity that has a positive effect on his/her mental health and well-being. Objectives: The current study aimed at providing sex education based on mindfulness training and Islamic teachings in improving satisfaction with sexual identity among Iranian male adolescents aged 12-15 years. Methods: The current quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group was conducted on a sample of 60 male adolescents selected using a multistage cluster sampling method, and every 20 subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. The measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on satisfaction with sexual identity to measure four emotional, perceptual, behavioral, and social subscales. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the whole questionnaire and the subscales were 0.76 and 0.65, respectively. Its validity was confirmed by internal consistency. Results: Results of analysis of covariance showed that the scores of the groups were significantly different in satisfaction with sexual identity and its perceptual and social subscales. There was a significant difference between the experimental group trained by Islamic teachings and the control group in the emotional subscale. Concerning all of the subscales, the means of the experimental group trained by Islamic teachings were higher than those of the group received mindfulness training. Conclusions: According to the current study results, it can be concluded that sex education based on mindfulness training and Islamic teachings should necessarily be considered in school curriculums developed for adolescents to improve their mental health and prevent them from social harm.

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Association Between Psychiatric Disorders, Substance Use, and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Mental Health Diagnoses, Symptoms, and Service Utilization in US Youth with Perinatal HIV Infection or HIV Exposure

Mental Health Diagnoses, Symptoms, and Service Utilization in US Youth with Perinatal HIV Infection or HIV Exposure

Adults with Perinatally Acquired HIV; Emerging Clinical Outcomes and Data Gaps

The Effectiveness of Sex Education Based on Mindfulness Training and Islamic Teachings in Improving Satisfaction with Sexual Identity Among Male Adolescents in Zahedan, Iran

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