Association Between Prostatic Volume, Metabolic Syndrome and Left Ventricular Mass: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Abstract:Ageing in men is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with both entities possibly representing downstream manifestations of a common pathogenesis. There is paucity of data on the association of BPH and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). This study evaluated relationship between prostate volume, common cardiovascular risk factors and LVH. It was a cross sectional, prospective, hospital-based study. Thirty patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and 30 age-matched male controls without BPE were studied. All the subjects had clinical, biochemical, prostate ultrasound and echocardiographic evaluation done. SPSS IBM 20 was used to analyze data. Mean age was 65.60 ± 8.11 years (range: 54-82years). Subjects with BPE compared to those without did not significantly differ in age (66.50± 7.75 vs. 64.70±8.49; p=0.39). Significantly higher percentage of subjects with BPE had abnormally low HDL-cholesterol and high blood pressure compared with subjects without BPE. Eight (26.7%) of subjects with BPE in contrast to none of the subjects without BPE had metabolic syndrome (Chi2 = 9.231; p=0.002). Left ventricular mass index were significantly higher in subjects with BPE than in those without. None of the subjects without BPE as compared with 7 (23.3%) of subjects with BPE had echocardiographic determined LVH. Echocardiographic indices that significantly correlated with prostatic volume were: LVPWd (r=0.326, p= 0.011), IVSTd (r= 0.267, p=0.039), LVMI(r=0.308, p= 0.017), LAD (r= 0.494, p<0.0001) and AOD (r= 0.352, p= 0.006). The conclusion was that BPE is associated with increased left ventricular mass index and metabolic syndrome, mostly driven by elevated blood pressure and low serum HDL-cholesterol.