Association between prostatic resistive index and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Abstract

We evaluated the relationship between prostatic resistive index (RI) and cardiovascular system (CVS) risk factors in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The study included 120 patients who were attending our outpatient clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia. The clinical, laboratory, anthropometric data, and CVS risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, history of CVS events, and smoking) of the patients were evaluated regarding the association between prostate RI level by regression analyses. The prostatic RI levels of the patients were measured using power Doppler imaging. In univariate regression analysis, there were statistically significant relationships between prostatic RI levels and the patients' age, International Prostate Symptom Score, hip circumference, fasting blood glucose, prostate specific antigen, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total prostate volume, uroflowmetric maximal flow rate, and all investigated CVS risk factors (p < 0.05). The prostatic RI levels were found to be associated with fasting blood glucose and total prostate volume, and also with CVS risk factors including only metabolic syndrome and cigarette smoking in the multivariate regression analysis. Our results showed that prostatic RI level is significantly related to metabolic syndrome and smoking among the investigated CVS risk factors.

Metabolic syndrome is associated with prostate enlargement: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression on patients with lower urinary tract symptom factors

“…94 Confounding factors were identified and adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, sexual activity, UTIs or infections, constipation, exercise, drug intake, race, and menopause. Confounders were adjusted for using logistical regression analysis, 10,63,66,68 multivariate analysis, 24,25,34,46,51,52,77,82 and sensitivity analysis. 22 Restrictions in design were also performed for age and sex; patients were also stratified according to age, 22 menopause, 57 or smoking status.…”

“…Demir et al 10 reported positive correlations between MetS and LUTS (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.24-4.59, p = 0.009); however, significance was lost at multiple logistic regression analysis. Baykam et al 25 found no association between LUTS and BMI (kg/m 2 ); only FBG was significant at multivariate analysis (β = 0.001, t = 3.491, p = 0.001). Gao et al 13 found that MetS was not associated with the severity of LUTS (multivariate: OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.67-1.39).…”

A New Tool for Assessing Bladder Outlet Obstruction

“…This group of age (55-70) mostly, will have cardiovascular risk factors placing further burdens on their prostatic blood flow. Prostate RI values are highly linked to overall metabolic syndrome and smoking in addition to BPH [10]. So, we recommend a study upon younger population in conjunction with cardiologists for assessing cardiovascular risk factors, thus excluding all factors than can influence RI other than pathology of BPH.…”

Androgen Deficiency and Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Is There Any Controversy? (A Literature Review)

“…При этом у больных с артери-альной гипертонией и гипергликемией, являющимися И ГЕНИТАЛЬНАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ ТОМ 18 / VOL. 18 2 0 1 7 ANDROLOGY AND GENITAL SURGERY компонентами МС, также отмечается ухудшение крово-снабжения ПЖ, что сочетается с увеличением СНМП [42].…”