Association between prolonged breast‐feeding and early childhood caries: a hierarchical approach

Nunes, Ana Margarida Melo; Alves, Cláudia Maria Coêlho; Araújo, Fernando Borba de; Ortiz, Tânia Mara Lopes; Ribeiro, Marizélia Rodrigues Costa; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da; Ribeiro, Cecília Cláudia Costa

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2012.00703.x

Cited by 42 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The possible influence of breastfeeding on ECC is contradictory. [38] Breast feeding at age one was not associated with dentin caries at 3 years of age, which is in agreement with studies from Brazil, [39] USA [40] and Iran. [37] Contrary to these studies, Chaffee et al [41] found a higher prevalence of ECC in Brazilian 3-year-olds from low income families when breastfeeding had been prolonged until the age of 2 years.…”

Section: Breastfeedingsupporting

confidence: 81%

Dentin caries risk indicators in 1-year-olds. A two year follow-up study

Hultquist

Bågesund

2016

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) risk factors are suspected to vary between regions with different caries prevalence. Aim: Identify ECC risk factors for 1-year-olds predicting dentin caries at 3 years of age in a region with low caries prevalence. Design: Caries risk was assessed by dental hygienist or dental assistant in 779 one-year-olds. The oral mutans streptococci (MS) score was performed from a tooth surface or (in pre-dentate children) from oral mucosa. A parental questionnaire with questions regarding family factors (siblings with or without caries), general health, food habits (night meals, breastfeeding, other beverage than water), oral hygiene habits and emerged teeth were answered by parents of the 1-year-olds. Dentin caries was assessed when the children were 3-year-olds. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were used for identification of caries-associated factors. Results: An increased caries risk was assessed in 4.4% of the 1-year-olds. Dentin caries was found in 2.6% of the 3-year-olds. Caries risk at 1 year was associated with caries at 3 years (OR ¼ 6.5, p ¼ .002). Multiple regression analysis found the variables Beverages other than water (OR ¼ 7.1, p < 0.001), Caries in sibling (OR ¼ 4.8, p ¼ .002), High level of MS (score 2-3) (OR ¼ 3.4, p ¼ .03) and Night meal (OR ¼ 3.0, p ¼ .03) to be associated with caries. The single variables Beverage other than water between meals and Caries in sibling were more reliable than Caries risk assessed performed by dental personnel. Conclusions: Behavioural, family and microbial factors are important when assessing caries risk among 1-year-olds in a region with low caries experience.

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Section: Breastfeedingsupporting

confidence: 81%

Dentin caries risk indicators in 1-year-olds. A two year follow-up study

Hultquist

Bågesund

2016

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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“…In contrast, the same study found that children breastfed for >12 months had an increased risk of caries compared to children breastfed for <12 months (odds ratio 1.99, 95% CI 1.35, 2.95) [Tham et al, 2015]. Several individual studies not included in the review reported a null association [Campus et al, 2009;Nunes et al, 2012;Hong et al, 2014a;Perera et al, 2014;Folayan et al, 2015]. Other cross-sectional studies reported a positive association between dental caries and breastfeeding for >10 months [Hong et al, 2014b] and for >19 months [Saraiva et al, 2007].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Contradictory results were observed in a US cohort study indicating that breastfeeding for ≥ 6 months reduced the risk of childhood caries [Hong et al, 2014b]. Meanwhile, longer breastfeeding was not associated with either an increased or decreased risk of caries in other studies [Iida et al, 2007;Campus et al, 2009;Nunes et al, 2012]. Due to the inconsistency of the existing findings, further research is needed to clarify the association between breastfeeding duration and dental caries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Breastfeeding Duration and Childhood Caries: A Cohort Study

et al. 2016

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This cohort study was conducted in Khon Kaen, Thailand, to test the hypothesis that a longer breastfeeding duration increases the risk for dental caries in primary teeth. We collected information on infant feeding practices and potential confounders using a structured questionnaire to interview mothers or caregivers during the second trimester of pregnancy and after birth at 21 days and at 3, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months. Regardless of other liquids and foods, full breastfeeding was defined as feeding breast milk but not formula, while any breastfeeding was feeding breast milk with or without formula. Two calibrated dentists measured dental caries when the children were 3-4 years of age using the decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) index following the World Health Organization criteria. Negative binomial regression with a generalized linear model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using dmfs as an outcome. Log-binomial regression was performed to model the caries prevalence. Of 556 children, 88.1% had dental caries with a mean dmfs of 14.2. Full breastfeeding for 6-11 months was significantly associated with a lower dmfs (adjusted RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63, 0.93) and a lower caries prevalence (adjusted RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.22, 0.90). The frequency of sleeping while breast- or bottle-feeding increased the caries risk in a dose-response manner. There was no association between duration of any breastfeeding and dental caries. In conclusion, full breastfeeding for 6-11 months may protect against dental caries in primary teeth. Prolonged breastfeeding was not associated with dental caries in this population.

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“…After the pH assessments, dental biofilm from the same site as the pH measurement was collected [Nunes et al, 2012] for analysis of total microorganism, S. mutans, and Lactobacillus spp. counts.…”

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding, Dental Biofilm Acidogenicity, and Early Childhood Caries

Neves

Ribeiro²,

Tenuta

et al. 2016

Caries Res

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Aim: This study evaluated the acidogenicity of human milk by the dental biofilms of children with and without early childhood caries (ECC). Method: Biofilms of 16 children (7 with ECC; 9 caries free) were exposed to human milk or 10% sucrose solution in the crossover design, and the biofilm pH was determined. Results: Breastfeeding did not provoke a decrease in biofilm pH, irrespective of the children's caries status, whereas sucrose decreased the pH for both groups. In addition, higher ΔpH_5min (pH variation occurring at 5 min) was observed in the biofilms of ECC children (p < 0.05). The results suggest that breastfeeding may not contribute to ECC.

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Association between prolonged breast‐feeding and early childhood caries: a hierarchical approach

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Dentin caries risk indicators in 1-year-olds. A two year follow-up study

Dentin caries risk indicators in 1-year-olds. A two year follow-up study

Breastfeeding Duration and Childhood Caries: A Cohort Study

Breastfeeding, Dental Biofilm Acidogenicity, and Early Childhood Caries

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