Association Between PM2.5 Exposure Level and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Taiwanese Adults: A Nested Case–control Study

Sun, Han-Yin; Luo, Ci-Wen; Chiang, Yun‐Wei; Yeh, Kun-Lin; Li, Yi-Ching; Ho, Yung-Chung; Lee, Shiuan-Shinn; Chen, Wenying; Chen, Chun‐Jung; Kuan, Yu‐Hsiang

doi:10.3390/ijerph18041714

Cited by 29 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They also reported that higher PM 2.5 levels were associated with thinner macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layers. In a Taiwan nested case-control study, Sun et al 11 also reported an association between PM 2.5 and a diagnosis of glaucoma using data from a health insurance administrative database (OR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05-1.36). Using Korean health insurance data, Min and Min 39 found an association between particulate matter < 10 μg and childhood glaucoma using a longitudinal design (hazard ratio = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.15-1.28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little epidemiological research exists examining the relationship between PM 2.5 and eye disease. Relationships have been identified between PM 2.5 and visual impairment, 10 glaucoma, 11 , 12 and AMD, 13 but the results for cataract are unclear. 14 , 15 To our knowledge, all of the existing studies have been done in east Asia or the United Kingdom with none being done in the United States or Canada.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fine Particulate Matter and Age-Related Eye Disease: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Grant

Leung

Aubin

et al. 2021

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To determine the relationship between fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and ocular outcomes such as visual impairment and age-related eye disease. Methods Baseline data were used from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. The Comprehensive Cohort consisted of 30,097 adults ages 45 to 85 years. Annual mean PM 2.5 levels (µg/m 3 ) for each participant's postal code were estimated from satellite data. Ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide levels were also estimated. Binocular presenting visual acuity was measured using a visual acuity chart. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured in millimeters of mercury using the Reichart Ocular Response Analyzer. Participants were asked about a diagnosis of glaucoma, macular degeneration, or cataract. Logistic and linear regression models were used. Results The overall mean PM 2.5 level was 6.5 µg/m 3 (SD = 1.8). In the single pollutant models, increased PM 2.5 levels (per interquartile range) were associated with visual impairment (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.24), glaucoma (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.01–1.29), and visually impairing age-related macular degeneration (OR = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.10–2.09) after adjustment for sociodemographics and disease. PM 2.5 had a borderline adjusted association with cataract (OR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.99–1.14). In the multi-pollutant models, increased PM 2.5 was associated with glaucoma and IOP only after adjustment for sociodemographics and disease (OR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05–1.46 and β = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.12–0.37). Conclusions Increased PM 2.5 is associated with glaucoma and IOP. These associations should be confirmed using longitudinal data and potential mechanisms should be explored. If confirmed, this work may have relevance for revision of World Health Organization thresholds to protect human health.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Particulate Matter and Age-Related Eye Disease: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Grant

Leung

Aubin

et al. 2021

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, a major source of air pollutants is human activity, such as fossil fuel combustion, agricultural activity, manufacturing (particularly in the form of factory exhausts), and mining [1][2][3]. Exposure to air pollutants is associated with many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and glaucoma [1,2,4,5]. Known as a nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the most abundant nitroarene in diesel engine exhaust, 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) results from the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous organic substances [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory Responses of 1-Nitropyrene against RAW264.7 Macrophages through Akt Phosphorylation and NF-κB Pathways

Tsai

Chen

Liu

et al. 2021

Toxics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Air pollution is a major environmental and public health problem worldwide. A nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the most abundant air pollutant in diesel engine exhaust, 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), is caused by the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous organic substances. Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune cells that provide resistance in the peripheral tissue. The overactivation of macrophages results in inflammation. The generation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor alpha, is induced by 1-NP in a concentration-dependent manner in macrophages. In this study, the production of proinflammatory mediators, such as nitrogen oxide and prostaglandin E2, was induced by 1-NP in a concentration-dependent manner through the expression of iNOS and COX2. The generation of proinflammatory cytokines, iNOS, and COX2 was induced by 1-NP through nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 phosphorylation and the degradation of its upstream factor, IκB. Finally, Akt phosphorylation was induced by 1-NP in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggest that 1-NP exhibits a proinflammatory response through the NF-κB pathway activation due to Akt phosphorylation.

show abstract

“…Studies have indicated that long-term exposure to PM 2.5 in Asian populations is strongly correlated with type 2 DM, and other studies have reported that people in areas with higher PM 2.5 concentrations have a higher risk of developing DM than those in areas with lower PM 2.5 concentrations [ 30 , 31 ]. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 leads to an increase in the incidence of T2D in North America and Europe, and it also confirms the increased risk of diabetes in Taiwan [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Elderly patients are at increasing risk of PM2.5 exposure and primary open-angle glaucoma. More, the increase in the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma is based on exposure to higher levels of PM2.5 [ 17 ]. Air pollution is the main urban health risk factor causing approximately 7 million deaths each year worldwide [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollutant Particles, PM2.5, Exposure and Glaucoma in Patients with Diabetes: A National Population-Based Nested Case–Control Study

Chiang

Luo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached 20%. Air pollutants with a particle size of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) are a globally recognized risk factor for diabetes and glaucoma. We examined whether the risk of glaucoma would decrease or increase when patients with DM were exposed to different PM2.5 concentrations. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan and the Air Quality Monitoring Network between 2008 and 2013. This nested case–control study involved 197 DM patients with glaucoma and 788 DM patients without glaucoma. Cases and controls were matched (1:4) by gender, age (±5 years), and index date (±6 months), and their data were entered in a logistic regression model adjusted for gender, age, urbanization level, income level, and comorbidities. The odds ratio (OR) of glaucoma at PM2.5 exposure concentration in the fourth quartile (Q4) compared with in the first quartile (Q1) was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.084–2.764). For glaucoma risk, the OR was 1.013 (95% CI: 1.006–1.020) at a PM2.5 exposure concentration in Q1, 1.004 (95% CI: 1.001–1.007) in the third quartile (Q3), and 1.003 (95% CI: 1.001–1.004) in Q4. In the subgroup analysis of patients living in non-emerging towns and non-agricultural towns, the OR for glaucoma in Q4 compared with in Q1 was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.229–3.406) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.091–2.803), respectively (p trend = 0.001 and 0.011). For patients without migraine, the OR for glaucoma was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.074–2.782; p = 0.006). These results demonstrate that, for patients with DM, PM2.5 increased the risk of glaucoma and PM2.5 was an independent risk factor for glaucoma in patients with DM.

show abstract

Association Between PM2.5 Exposure Level and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Taiwanese Adults: A Nested Case–control Study

Cited by 29 publications

References 55 publications

Fine Particulate Matter and Age-Related Eye Disease: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Fine Particulate Matter and Age-Related Eye Disease: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Proinflammatory Responses of 1-Nitropyrene against RAW264.7 Macrophages through Akt Phosphorylation and NF-κB Pathways

Air Pollutant Particles, PM2.5, Exposure and Glaucoma in Patients with Diabetes: A National Population-Based Nested Case–Control Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About