Association between pharmacologic treatment and hospital utilization at birth among neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome mother-infant dyads

Hahn, Phillip D; Melvin, Patrice; Ozonoff, Al; Milliren, Carly E.

doi:10.1038/s41372-023-01623-6

J Perinatol

2023

DOI: 10.1038/s41372-023-01623-6

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Association between pharmacologic treatment and hospital utilization at birth among neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome mother-infant dyads

Phillip D Hahn

Patrice Melvin

Al Ozonoff

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 1 publication

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Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Treatment Guidelines and Birth Hospital Utilization

Hahn,

Graham,

Ozonoff

et al. 2024

Pediatrics

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In November 2020, the American Academy of Pediatrics published guidelines for management of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), recommending nonpharmacologic treatment as the first-line approach, unless pharmacologic treatment is needed for severe NOWS. Using data from tertiary care pediatric hospitals, we examined the impact of the guidelines on use of pharmacotherapy, length of stay, and NICU admission for infants with NOWS. METHODS We extracted birth hospitalization data for newborns diagnosed with NOWS discharged from 2019 to 2022 from the Pediatric Health Information System. We compared hospital utilization and pharmacologic treatment pre- and postguidelines and used interrupted time series regression to examine trends over time. RESULTS We included N = 824 newborns (n = 434 pre, n = 390 post) with NOWS from 11 hospitals. The use of pharmacologic treatment was significantly lower in the postguidelines period (59.0% pre versus 50.3% post; P = .01). Median length of stay was similar pre and post (P = .55). NICU admission was significantly lower in the postguidelines period (78.6% pre versus 46.7% post; P < .001), with an immediate decrease (β = −23.0%; P < .001) and a decrease over time in the postguidelines period (β = −0.7% per month; P = .03). Most hospitals reduced pharmacologic treatment (8 of 11; 73%) and NICU use (10 of 11; 91%) postguidelines. CONCLUSIONS There was a reduction in the use of pharmacologic treatment and NICU utilization for infants with NOWS after the release of American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for NOWS management.

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Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Treatment Guidelines and Birth Hospital Utilization

Hahn,

Graham,

Ozonoff

et al. 2024

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Association between pharmacologic treatment and hospital utilization at birth among neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome mother-infant dyads

Cited by 1 publication

References 51 publications

Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Treatment Guidelines and Birth Hospital Utilization

Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Treatment Guidelines and Birth Hospital Utilization

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