Association between personality and cognitive performance in middle-aged and older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Fazeli, Pariya L; Cheatwood, John; Hopkins, Cierra; Vance, David E.; Shirey, Maria R.; Azuero, Andres; Crowe, Michael

doi:10.1080/23279095.2021.1935954

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The relationship between neuropsychological functioning and creativity in PWH was accompanied by a large effect size and was not confounded by premorbid IQ, sociodemographics, psychiatric symptoms, or medical factors. Similarly, these findings support a recent study in older PWH that reported an association between openness (i.e., the disposition for trying new things and being creative) and global neurocognitive functioning (Fazeli et al 2021). It is plausible that more open and creative PWH are more likely to seek out new and stimulating experiences and activities that At the level of neuropsychological domains, all four of the cognitive ability areas measured showed significant associations with creativity in PWH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A pilot study of cognition and creativity among persons with HIV disease referred for neuropsychological evaluation

et al. 2022

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Creativity can help people to innovate, overcome obstacles, and successfully navigate challenges in daily life. Some aspects of creativity rely on the prefrontostriatal loops and executive functions, which can be compromised in persons with HIV (PWH). This pilot study examined whether neuropsychological functioning plays a role in creativity in PWH. A consecutive series of 41 PWH who were referred to an urban neuropsychology clinic in southeastern Texas were enrolled. Participants completed the Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults (ATTA) to measure creativity, from which standardized creativity scores of fluency, originality, elaboration, and flexibility were derived. Participants also completed several measures of everyday functioning and a brief clinical neuropsychological battery measuring executive functions, motor skills, memory, and visuoconstruction. Global neuropsychological functioning showed a large, positive association with ATTA creativity performance that did not vary meaningfully by creativity domain and was independent of premorbid IQ. ATTA creativity scores were not associated with any measure of everyday functioning. Findings from this pilot study suggest that higher levels of neuropsychological functioning may support multiple dimensions of creativity in adults with HIV disease. Future studies might examine whether creativity moderates the association between HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and various health behaviors (e.g., adherence, appointment attendance).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A pilot study of cognition and creativity among persons with HIV disease referred for neuropsychological evaluation

et al. 2022

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“…The role of personality has also been examined in other infections with potential neuropsychiatric involvement. For instance, openness was associated with better global cognitive function in HIV [ 20 ]. Furthermore, in patients living with HIV, higher neuroticism and lower extraversion were associated with poorer quality of life, and lower conscientiousness was linked to depression [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Association of Personality Characteristics and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Post-COVID Syndrome

et al. 2022

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Background: We aimed to evaluate personality traits in patients with post-COVID syndrome, as well as the association with neuropsychiatric symptoms present in this disorder. Methods: The Big Five Structure Inventory was administered to 93 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of post-COVID syndrome as defined by the WHO and to demographically matched controls. We also performed a comprehensive evaluation of depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleep quality, cognitive function, and olfactory function. Results: Patients with post-COVID syndrome scored lower for emotional stability, equanimity, positive mood, and self-control. Extraversion, emotional stability, and openness correlated negatively with anxiety and depression levels. Conscientiousness correlated negatively with anxiety. No statistically significant correlations were observed between personality traits and cognitive function, sleep quality, olfactory function, or fatigue. Personality scores explained 36.3% and 41% of the variance in scores on the anxiety and depression scales, respectively. Two personality profiles with lower levels of emotional stability were associated with depression and anxiety. Conclusions: Our study shows higher levels of neuroticism in patients with post-COVID syndrome. Personality traits were predictive of the presence of depression and anxiety, but not cognitive function, sleep quality, or fatigue, in the context of post-COVID syndrome. These findings may have implications for the detection of patients at risk of depression and anxiety in post-COVID syndrome, and for the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions.

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Correlates of subjective and objective everyday functioning in middle-aged and older adults with human immunodeficiency virus

Jacob

Fazeli

Crowe

et al. 2022

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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Association between personality and cognitive performance in middle-aged and older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Cited by 4 publications

References 69 publications

A pilot study of cognition and creativity among persons with HIV disease referred for neuropsychological evaluation

A pilot study of cognition and creativity among persons with HIV disease referred for neuropsychological evaluation

Examining Association of Personality Characteristics and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Post-COVID Syndrome

Correlates of subjective and objective everyday functioning in middle-aged and older adults with human immunodeficiency virus

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