“…Several factors that cause LBW are a history of maternal anemia during pregnancy, antepartum bleeding, multiple pregnancies, preeclampsia Eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, diseases during pregnancy, maternal age, parity, the interval between pregnancies, exposure to cigarette smoke, congenital defects, intrauterine infections, and chronic energy deficiency (CED). [6][7][8][9][10] Chronic energy deficiency (CED) is a body condition characterized by low body weight and low energy stores, possibly limited physical capacity due to lack of food in the long term, with body mass index (BMI) less than 18.5 kg/m 2 for adults. Chronic energy deficiency is higher in rural women of childbearing age and is caused by eating too little or an unbalanced diet that lacks sufficient nutrients.…”