Association between Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Hospital Emergency Room Visits for Pneumonia with Septicemia: A Retrospective Analysis

Cheng, Fu-Jen; Lee, Kuo-Hsin; Lee, Chia‐Wei; Hsu, Ping-Chi

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2018.08.0285

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Dong et al implied the effects of NO 2 and SO 2 on daily ischemic stroke counts were stronger in the cold season than in the warm season [39]. Cheng et al found a stronger association between PM 2.5 and pneumonia with septicemia ED visits during the warm season [4]. Ueda et al found that PM 2.5 mass correlated with increased all-cause mortality, especially in transitional seasons rather than in summer and winter [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many epidemiological studies have reported that short-term variations in ambient air pollution are related to poor health outcomes, such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality [1–4]. Particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ) are reportedly related to hospital admissions for pneumonia [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ambient air pollution is associated with pediatric pneumonia: a time-stratified case–crossover study in an urban area

Cheng

Chen

et al. 2019

Environ Health

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Background Pneumonia, the leading reason underlying childhood deaths, may be triggered or exacerbated by air pollution. To date, only a few studies have examined the association of air pollution with emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric pneumonia, with inconsistent results. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the impact of short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and other air pollutants on the incidence of ED visits for pediatric pneumonia. Methods PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and other air pollutant levels were measured at 11 air quality-monitoring stations in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, between 2008 and 2014. Further, we extracted the medical records of non-trauma patients aged ≤17 years and who had visited an ED with the principal diagnosis of pneumonia. A time-stratified case–crossover study design was employed to determine the hazard effect of air pollution in a total of 4024 patients. Results The single-pollutant model suggested that per interquartile range increment in PM 2.5 , PM 10 , nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) on 3 days before the event increased the odds of pediatric pneumonia by 14.0% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.1–23.8%], 10.9% (95% CI, 2.4–20.0%), 14.1% (95% CI, 5.0–24.1%), and 4.5% (95% CI, 0.8–8.4%), respectively. In two-pollutant models, PM 2.5 and NO 2 were significant after adjusting for PM 10 and SO 2 . Subgroup analyses showed that older children (aged ≥4 years) were more susceptible to PM 2.5 (interaction p = 0.024) and children were more susceptible to NO 2 during warm days (≥26.5 °C, interaction p = 0.011). Conclusions Short-term exposure to PM 2.5 and NO 2 possibly plays an important role in pediatric pneumonia in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Older children are more susceptible to PM 2.5 , and all children are more susceptible to NO 2 during warm days.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient air pollution is associated with pediatric pneumonia: a time-stratified case–crossover study in an urban area

Cheng

Chen

et al. 2019

Environ Health

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“…Recently, the hazardous effects of air pollution on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, asthma, and heart attacks, have been demonstrated by many epidemiological studies [5,6,7]. Toxicological studies have also demonstrated that particulate matter (PM) exposure was associated with myocardial cytotoxicity and coagulation biomarkers disturbance [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Events: Are There Potentially Susceptible Groups?

Pan

Cheung

Chen

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Background: Air pollution exposure is associated with greater risk for cardiovascular events. This study aims to examine the effects of increased exposure to short-term air pollutants on ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and determine the susceptible groups. Methods: Data on particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 and other air pollutants, measured at each of the 11 air-quality monitoring stations in Kaohsiung City, were collected between 2011 and 2016. The medical records of non-trauma adult (>17 years) patients who had visited the emergency department (ED) with a typical electrocardiogram change of STEMI were extracted. A time-stratified and case-crossover study design was used to examine the relationship between air pollutants and daily ED visits for STEMI. Results: An interquartile range increment in PM2.5 on lag 0 was associated with an increment of 25.5% (95% confidence interval, 2.6%–53.4%) in the risk of STEMI ED visits. Men and persons with ≥3 risk factors (male sex, age, hypertension, diabetes, current smoker, dyslipidemia, history of myocardial infarction, and high body mass index) for myocardial infarction (MI) were more sensitive to the hazardous effects of PM2.5 (interaction: p = 0.039 and p = 0.018, respectively). The associations between PM10, NO2, and O3 and STEMI did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusion: PM2.5 may play an important role in STEMI events on the day of exposure in Kaohsiung. Men and persons with ≥3 risk factors of MI are more susceptible to the adverse effects of PM2.5 on STEMI.

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“…2b). PM exposure increases the risk for cardiovascular events [5,6] and respiratory disease [3,4,12,14]. Children are highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of air pollution, particularly to respiratory diseases [12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Particulate Matter Constituents Associated With Emergency Room Visits for Pediatric Asthma: A Time-Stratified Case–Crossover Study in an Urban Area

Cheng

Tsai

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Global asthma-related mortality tallies at around 2.5 million annually. Although asthma may be triggered or exacerbated by particulate matter (PM) exposure, studies investigating the relationship of PM and its components with emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric asthma are limited. This study aimed to estimate the impact of short-term exposure to PM constituents on ED visits for pediatric asthma. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated non-trauma patients aged younger than 17 years who visited the ED with a primary diagnosis of asthma. Further, measurements of PM10, PM2.5, and four PM2.5 components (i.e., nitrate (NO3−), sulfate (SO42−), organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC)) were collected between 2007 and 2010 from southern particulate matter supersites. These included one core station and two satellite stations in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. A time‐stratified case‐crossover study was conducted to analyze the hazard effect of PM. Results: Overall, 1597 patients were enrolled in our study. In the single-pollutant model, the estimated risk increase for pediatric asthma incidence on lag 3 were 14.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2–27.4%], 13.5% (95% CI, 3.3–24.6%), 14.8% (95% CI, 2.5–28.6%), and 19.8% (95% CI, 7.6–33.3%) per interquartile range increments in PM2.5, PM10, nitrate, and OC, respectively. In the two-pollutant models, OC remained significant after adjusting for PM2.5, PM10, and nitrate. During subgroup analysis, children were more vulnerable to PM2.5 and OC during cold days (<26°C, interaction p=0.008 and 0.012, respectively). Conclusions: Both PM2.5 concentrations and its chemical constituents OC and nitrate are associated with ED visits for pediatric asthma. Among PM2.5 constituents, OC was most closely related to ED visits for pediatric asthma, and children are more vulnerable to PM2.5 and OC during cold days.

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Association between Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Hospital Emergency Room Visits for Pneumonia with Septicemia: A Retrospective Analysis

Cited by 22 publications

References 56 publications

Ambient air pollution is associated with pediatric pneumonia: a time-stratified case–crossover study in an urban area

Ambient air pollution is associated with pediatric pneumonia: a time-stratified case–crossover study in an urban area

Short-Term Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Events: Are There Potentially Susceptible Groups?

Fine Particulate Matter Constituents Associated With Emergency Room Visits for Pediatric Asthma: A Time-Stratified Case–Crossover Study in an Urban Area

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