Association between participation in the government subsidy programme for domestic travel and symptoms indicative of COVID-19 infection in Japan: cross-sectional study

Miyawaki, Atsushi; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Tomata, Yasutake; Tsugawa, Yusuke

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049069

Cited by 43 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…We analyzed data from the Japan "COVID-19 and Society" Internet Survey (JACSIS) study [26], a cross-sectional, web-based, self-reported questionnaire survey administered by a major nationwide internet research agency with 2.2 million qualified panelists [27][28][29]. Selected individuals aged 15 to 79 years (n=224,389) were included in the JACSIS study using stratified random sampling based on gender, age, and prefecture category to represent the distribution of the general population in Japan in 2019 [30,31]. Individuals who agreed to participate in the survey accessed the designated website and responded to questionnaires asking about a wide range of socioeconomic, lifestyle, and health measures in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Study Design Setting and Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Social Disparities in the Use of Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Cross-sectional Study

Miyawaki¹,

Tabuchi²,

Ong³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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Background The use of telemedicine outpatient visits has increased dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries. Although disparities in access to telemedicine by age and socioeconomic status (SES) have been well-documented, evidence is limited as to how these disparities changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the equity of patient access to telemedicine has been scarcely reported in Japan, despite the huge potential for telemedicine expansion. Objective We aimed to investigate changes due to age and SES disparities in telemedicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Methods Using data from a large internet survey conducted between August 25 and September 30, 2020, in Japan, we examined the associations of participant age and SES (educational attainment, urbanicity of residence, and income level) with their telemedicine use in the following two time periods during the pandemic: April 2020 and August-September 2020. Results Of the 24,526 participants aged 18 to 79 years (50.8% [n=12,446] women), the proportion of individuals who reported using telemedicine increased from 2.0% (n=497) in April 2020 to 4.7% (n=1159) in August-September 2020. After adjusting for potential confounders, younger individuals were more likely to use telemedicine than older individuals in April 2020. Although this pattern persisted in August-September 2020, we also observed a substantial increase in telemedicine use among individuals aged 70 to 79 years (adjusted rates, 0.2% in April 2020 vs 3.8% in August-September 2020; P<.001 after multiple comparisons). We found disparities in telemedicine use by SES in August-September 2020 that did not exist in April 2020. In August-September 2020, individuals with a university degree were more likely to use telemedicine than those with a high school diploma or less (adjusted rates, 6.6% vs 3.5%; P<.001). Individuals living in urban areas exhibited higher rates of telemedicine use than those living in rural areas only in August-September 2020 (adjusted rates, 5.2% vs 3.8%; P<.001). Disparities in telemedicine use by income level were not observed in either time period. Conclusions In general, younger individuals increased their use of telemedicine compared to older individuals during the pandemic, although individuals in their 70s also increased their use of telemedicine. Disparities in telemedicine use by educational attainment and urbanicity of residence widened during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Study Design Setting and Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Social Disparities in the Use of Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Cross-sectional Study

Miyawaki¹,

Tabuchi²,

Ong³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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“…Detailed methods (eg, participation rate and data management) are presented in the previous study. 38 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propensity scores were calculated by logistic regression analysis using sex, age and socioeconomic factors to adjust for differences between a current and population-based sample from the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions of People on Health and Welfare 2016. Detailed methods (eg, participation rate and data management) are presented in the previous study 38…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and verbal abuse amid COVID-19: a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Japan

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesThe detrimental impacts of abuse on victims’ well-being are well documented globally, including Japan. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may increase the incidence of abuse in the community, creating an additional burden amid the crisis. However, the incidence of abuse in Japan during COVID-19 remains to be evaluated. Accordingly, our study aimed to assess the incidence of physical and verbal abuse among the general population in Japan and to identify the associated factors of abuse during COVID-19.Design and settingWe used the data obtained from a nationwide, cross-sectional internet survey conducted in Japan between August and September 2020. Sampling weights were used to calculate national estimates, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the associated factors for physical and verbal abuse.ResultsOut of the total 25 482 participants, 965 (3.8 %) reported experiencing physical abuse and 1941 (7.6%) verbal abuse from April 2020 to September 2020. The incidence of physical and verbal abuse was higher among female participants. Participants who lived in areas where the ‘state of emergency’ was enforced were more likely to suffer from physical abuse. Similarly, vulnerable participants such as those below age 18, with low income, bad family relationships, and disabled people were more likely to experience both physical and verbal abuse. Participants suffering from COVID-19-related symptoms, who had poor health status and widows/divorcees were more likely to be verbally abused. Furthermore, those who did not follow preventive behaviours such as wearing masks in public places, abusing drugs and drinking alcohol in high amounts were also more likely to experience abuse.ConclusionThe impact of abuse was found disproportionately greater in more vulnerable groups of the population. Pandemic has reinforced the existing social inequalities, which need to be addressed timely to prevent precarious repercussions.

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“…Among the 28 000 participants in the JACSIS, 25 482 participants remained after excluding 2518 participants whose data showed discrepancies and/or artificial/unnatural responses. Three question items namely ‘choosing the second from the bottom’, ‘choosing the positive options in a set of questions on drug use’ and ‘choosing the positive options in a set of questions on current chronic diseases’ were used to detect any discrepancies 23 24. After further excluding current cigarette smokers (n=3403), current HTP users (n=2082), non-workers (work-at-home people, students, retired people, housewives/husbands and people out of jobs) (n=10 116), those who did not go to their workplaces (n=6997) and those whose workplace smoke-free policies were unknown (n=1628), 8196 respondents remained for the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of workplace smoke-free policy on secondhand smoke exposure from cigarettes and exposure to secondhand heated tobacco product aerosol during COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: the JACSIS 2020 study

Takenobu

Yoshida

Katanoda³

et al. 2022

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesPromoting smoke-free policies is a key intervention for reducing secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, many indoor smoking spaces in workplaces were closed. This study aimed to reveal the association between a workplace smoke-free policy and SHS exposure among non-smoking employees, distinguishing between SHS exposure from cigarettes and exposure to secondhand heated tobacco product (HTP) aerosol, which have recently become popular in Japan.Design and settingWe used data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey conducted in August–September 2020.ParticipantsAmong the 25 482 eligible respondents, 8196 non-smoking employees were analysed.Primary outcome measureMultivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the impact of smoke-free policies in the workplace.ResultsCompared with complete smoking bans, the ORs and 95% CIs for workplace SHS exposure at least once a week from cigarettes were 2.06 (95% CI: 1.60 to 2.65) for partial bans with no longer available smoking spaces, 1.92 (95% CI: 1.63 to 2.25) for partial smoking bans with still available smoking spaces and 5.33 (95% CI: 4.10 to 6.93) for no smoking bans. The corresponding ORs and 95% CIs for exposure to secondhand HTP aerosol were 4.15 (95% CI: 3.22 to 5.34), 2.24 (95% CI: 1.86 to 2.71) and 3.88 (95% CI: 2.86 to 5.26), respectively.ConclusionsThe effect of partial bans was limited, and temporary closure of smoking spaces might contribute to increased exposure to secondhand HTP aerosol. Complete smoking bans in the workplace were reaffirmed to be the best way to reduce SHS exposure from cigarettes and exposure to secondhand HTP aerosol.

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Association between participation in the government subsidy programme for domestic travel and symptoms indicative of COVID-19 infection in Japan: cross-sectional study

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Age and Social Disparities in the Use of Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Cross-sectional Study

Age and Social Disparities in the Use of Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Cross-sectional Study

Physical and verbal abuse amid COVID-19: a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Japan

Impact of workplace smoke-free policy on secondhand smoke exposure from cigarettes and exposure to secondhand heated tobacco product aerosol during COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: the JACSIS 2020 study

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