Association between Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Polymorphisms and the Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in a North African Population

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the distribution of PON1 Q192R and L55M polymorphisms and activities in a North African population and to determine their association with cardiovascular complications. The prevalence of the QQ, QR, RR, LL, LM, and MM genotypes in the study population was 55.4%, 34.09%, 9.83%, 41.97%, 48.20%, and 9.83% respectively. The Q, R, L, and M alleles had a gene frequency of 0.755, 0.245, 0.67, and 0.33, respectively. The PON1 192 RR genotype was significantly more prevalent among ACS patients than among healthy subjects. There was a 4.33-fold increase in the risk of ACS in subjects presenting the PON1 192 RR genotype compared to those with the QQ genotype (OR=4.33; 95% CI=1.27–17.7). There was a significantly different distribution of PON1 L55M in the ACS patient groups (UA, STEMI, NSTEMI). Moreover, individuals presenting the PON1 55MM genotype present a higher risk for ACS than those with LL genotype (OR=3.69; 95% CI=1.61–11.80). Paraoxonase activities were significantly lower in coronary patients than in healthy subjects. The decrease in PON1 activity was inversely correlated with the number of concomitant risk factors for CVD (r=0.57, p<0.0001). The results of the present study suggested that the PON1 R and M alleles may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiac ischemia in our North African population and that a decrease in PON1 activity may be a valuable marker for monitoring the development of the atherosclerosis process and the associated cardiovascular complications.

Are Common Polymorphisms of the Lipoprotein Lipase and Human Paraoxonase-1 Genes Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome in South African Asian Indians?

“…In terms of the association with MetS components, we found that two genotypes (QQ and QR) of the Q192R polymorphism were significantly associated with increased triglyceride levels (Table 6b), in keeping with a recent study by Bounafaa et al [37]. In contrast to our findings, the QQ genotype has been reported to provide the highest protection against lipid oxidation when compared to other PON1 polymorphisms, while carriers of the 192R allele is known to reduce protection against lipid peroxidation [9].…”

Paraoxonase 1 Gene Polymorphisms (Q192R and L55M) Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease Susceptibility in Asian Indians

“…We did not find any significant association of the RR genotype in the PON1 gene with metabolic traits in CAD patients or controls. However, previous findings proved an association between serum triglyceride levels and RR genotype [45-47]. It is not clearly ascertained by which mechanism PON1 polymorphisms affect the level of serum triglycerides.…”

The Impact of Rs662 Genotyping on the Serum Activity of the Paraoxonase -1 Enzyme in Iraqi Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases.

“…Yet, higher frequencies of Q allozymes (0.78) was previously reported by Zargari et al (2016) Hernández-Díaz et al (2016) who revealed that the 192Q allele carriers are at high risk to develop CAD. On the other hand, in another study , Bounafaa et al (2015) reported that the PON1 R allele is abundant in CHD patients, indicating that the PON1192 polymorphism may be a risk factor for atherosclerosis.…”