Association between omentin-1 expression in human epicardial adipose tissue and coronary atherosclerosis

Abstract

BackgroundOmentin-1, a novel adipocytokine mainly expressed in visceral adipose tissue, has been found to inhibit the inflammatory response and improve insulin resistance as well as other obesity-related disorders. This study investigated the association between omentin-1 expression in human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and coronary atherosclerosis.MethodsSerum samples, and paired biopsies from EAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), were obtained from patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 28 and NCAD, n = 12, respectively) during elective cardiac surgery. Coronary angiography was performed to identify CAD presence. Serum omentin-1 and adiponectin levels were measured by ELISA. mRNA expression of omentin-1 and adiponectin was detected in adipose tissue by quantitative real-time PCR, and omentin-1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine the association between omentin-1 expression and clinical risk factors.ResultsmRNA and protein expression of omentin-1 were higher in EAT than paired SAT in patients with CAD and NCAD. Compared with NCAD patients, CAD patients had lower omentin-1 and adiponectin mRNA levels in EAT and serum levels as well as lower omentin-1 protein levels. Among patients with CAD, omentin-1 expression was lower in EAT surrounding coronary segments with stenosis than those without stenosis, in terms of mRNA and protein, whereas adiponectin mRNA level in EAT did not seem to differ between stenotic and non-stenotic coronary segments in CAD patients. In multivariate linear regression analysis, CAD was an independent predictor of EAT omentin-1 mRNA expression (beta = −0.57, 95 % CI −0.89 to −0.24; P = 0.001) and serum omentin-1 levels (beta = −0.35, 95 % CI −0.67 to −0.03; P = 0.036).ConclusionsCirculating and EAT-derived omentin-1 levels were reduced in patients with CAD. Omentin-1 expression in patients with CAD was lower in EAT adjacent to coronary stenotic segments than non-stenotic segments.

Metabolic Vascular Syndrome: New Insights into a Multidimensional Network of Risk Factors and Diseases

“…In general, omentin is thought to have a protective function in CVD [44,45]. Omentin is also evident in human epicardial adipose tissue, with a reduced expression being related to coronary artery stenosis [46]. These observations contradict the results of a recent 3.5-year prospective observational study which showed that high plasma omentin concentrations might serve as a biomarker for an enhanced risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with established or suspected stable coronary artery disease [47].…”

Omentin‐regulated proteins combine a pro‐inflammatory phenotype with an anti‐inflammatory counterregulation in human adipocytes: A proteomics analysis

“…With respect to CVD, circulating omentin was decreased in patients with coronary artery disease and appeared to have a protective role in patients with ischaemic stroke . In line, administration of omentin in mice reduced tissue damage after ischaemia/reperfusion and delayed the development of aortic atherosclerotic lesions with reduced vascular inflammation …”

“…[2][3][4][5] These findings were supported by in vitro studies showing that omentin increased Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human adipocytes. 1 With respect to CVD, circulating omentin was decreased in patients with coronary artery disease 6,7 and appeared to have a protective role in patients with ischaemic stroke. 8,9 In line, administration of omentin in mice reduced tissue damage after ischaemia/reperfusion 10 and delayed the development of aortic atherosclerotic lesions with reduced vascular inflammation.…”

Regulation of visceral and epicardial adipose tissue for preventing cardiovascular injuries associated to obesity and diabetes

“…1). Particularly, omentin-1, a novel EAT-derived circulating anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizer adipokine, was reduced in patients with CAD [47]. …”